What does 1 Peter 2:21 mean?

For even hereunto were ye called: because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that ye should follow his steps: 1 Peter 2:21

Explanation

1 Peter 2:21 is a verse that speaks to the idea of suffering as a part of the Christian journey, pointing to Jesus Christ as the model to follow in such times. The passage suggests that Christians are, in some way, called to endure suffering, as Christ suffered for mankind. It emphasizes that Christ’s suffering was not without purpose; it was part of his mission and exemplified how to endure in faith and righteousness. The phrase “leaving us an example, that ye should follow his steps” indicates that Christians are to look to Christ as the ultimate example to emulate in the face of adversity, trials, and suffering.

Historical Context

This verse is found within the First Epistle of Peter, a letter addressed to early Christians scattered across different regions of the Roman Empire. It was likely written between A.D. 60-65. During this time, Christians were experiencing varying degrees of persecution and hardship, partly due to their refusal to honor the Roman Emperor as a god. Peter writes to encourage them to stand firm in their faith, ethical conduct, and suffer with patience, as Christ did.

Theological Insights

Different theological perspectives have focused on this verse to understand the concept of suffering and imitation of Christ. From a classical Christian viewpoint, this verse is seen as a call to participate in Christ’s sufferings and, in doing so, grow in holiness. Liberation theology, on the other hand, may interpret this in terms of solidarity with the poor and oppressed, suggesting that Christ’s suffering connects to the struggles of marginalized groups. Meanwhile, a Reformed perspective might focus on the sovereignty of God in the role of suffering, highlighting that trials are part of God’s plan for spiritual growth.

Practical Applications

In daily life, 1 Peter 2:21 can be applied as a source of comfort and guidance during times of trouble. It encourages believers to respond to suffering with patience and integrity, just as Jesus did. It can also inspire Christians to be resilient in facing moral and ethical challenges, reminding them to maintain their conduct according to Christ’s example, rather than reacting in kind to hostility or misunderstanding.

Cross-References

• “Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth:” (1 Peter 2:22)
• “Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.” (Isaiah 53:10)
• “For it became him, for whom are all things, and by whom are all things, in bringing many sons unto glory, to make the captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings.” (Hebrews 2:10)
• “Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls.” (Matthew 11:29)
• “For unto you it is given in the behalf of Christ, not only to believe on him, but also to suffer for his sake;” (Philippians 1:29)

Language Study

Key words in the original Greek text of 1 Peter 2:21 are:

• “Called” (κληθέντες, klēthentes): This term suggests a divine summons or invitation.
• “Example” (ὑπογραμμός, hypogrammos): A writing copy, like those used by children learning to write; a pattern or model to be imitated.
• “Follow” (ἐπακολουθέσαι, epakolouthēsai): To follow closely or to tread in someone’s footsteps.
• “His steps” (ἴχνεσιν, ichnesin): Literally, footprints or tracks.

Analyzing these terms in their original language gives a richer appreciation of the call to emulate Christ’s life and the depth of Christian discipleship.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Comparisons can be drawn between Christian interpretations of suffering and other religious traditions. For example, in Buddhism, there is the concept of dukkha (suffering) as an inherent part of life, which is to be understood and transcended through the Eightfold Path. Conversely, the Stoic philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome taught that one could achieve a form of moral perfection through enduring suffering with detachment and reason.

Scientific Perspectives

While the verse speaks to spiritual and ethical matters rather than scientific, modern psychology can provide insight into the impact and management of suffering. Psychological resilience, for instance, parallels the Christian call to endure hardship, suggesting that facing adversities can lead to growth and increased emotional strength, much like the spiritual fortitude advocated in this verse.

Commentaries

Commentaries on 1 Peter 2:21 offer a range of perspectives:

• Matthew Henry’s Commentary highlights the duty and benefit of suffering for doing well, just as Christ did, encouraging Christians to take comfort in His perfect example.
• The MacArthur Study Bible notes that Christ’s sufferings were unique in that they were substitutionary, but believers are still called to follow His pattern of suffering patiently and righteously as a witness to others.
• The Pulpit Commentary suggests that the call to follow Christ does not only mean following Him into suffering but also that our sufferings should be borne in the same spirit as His – without sin.
• The New International Greek Testament Commentary emphasizes the “example” aspect, stating that while believers should not expect to redeem others as Christ did, they are expected to pattern their responses on Jesus’ humble and steadfast approach to suffering.
• The Expositor’s Bible Commentary discusses the vocational aspect of the verse, noting that suffering in the path of righteousness is part of the Christian calling, a concept intertwined with a believer’s identity in Christ.