What does 1 Peter 4:2 mean?

That he no longer should live the rest of his time in the flesh to the lusts of men, but to the will of God. 1 Peter 4:2

Explanation

The verse 1 Peter 4:2 exhorts believers to live a transformed life, one that is dedicated to the will of God rather than to satisfying human desires. The “rest of his time in the flesh” refers to the remainder of one’s earthly life after coming to faith in Jesus Christ. The “lusts of men” signify the sinful desires and pursuits that are common to humanity. In contrast, “the will of God” suggests a life oriented toward God’s desires, commands, and purposes. This verse encourages a decisive break with past behaviors and a commitment to live according to God’s standards.

Historical Context

1 Peter is a letter written by the apostle Peter to various Christian communities in Asia Minor who were experiencing suffering and persecution. Dating to the first century AD, likely between AD 60-65, this epistle was intended to provide guidance and encouragement to believers living in a predominantly non-Christian society. During this time, Christians often faced social ostracism, discrimination, and sometimes even violent persecution because their beliefs and lifestyles were at odds with the prevailing Greco-Roman culture.

Theological Insights

Different theological traditions interpret this verse in various ways. For evangelical Christians, it might emphasize the concept of sanctification, wherein a believer is called to lead a life that reflects their transformed nature in Christ. For more liturgical or sacramental traditions, such as the Roman Catholic or Orthodox churches, this might align with the idea of theosis, becoming more like God through participation in the sacraments and the life of the church. In liberal theology, the focus might be on the ethical implications, advocating for social justice and the common good as true expressions of God’s will.

Practical Applications

This verse calls for practical living that reflects a deep dedication to the values and will of God. It may involve making daily moral and ethical decisions that are in line with Scripture rather than succumbing to societal pressures. It can take shape in service to others, pursuit of spiritual disciplines, and commitment to community and accountability within the body of Christ. Essentially, followers of Jesus are encouraged to actively discern and do God’s will in every facet of life.

Cross-References

• Romans 12:2: “And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.”
• Ephesians 4:22-24: “That ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man, which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts; And be renewed in the spirit of your mind; And that ye put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.”
• Galatians 5:24: “And they that are Christ’s have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts.”

Language Study

The key words in the original Greek text that are significant in this verse include:

• “Live” (biosai) – derived from the Greek word “bios,” meaning life or livelihood. Here it implies the manner of life or conduct.
• “Flesh” (sarki) – generally used to denote the physical human body, but in the New Testament, it often carries moral/ethical connotations relating to sinful nature.
• “Lusts” (epithymiais) – refers to strong desires, cravings, or longings, typically associated with desires that are contrary to God’s will.
• “Will of God” (thelema tou Theou) – thelema means desire or will, indicating what God desires or has purposed.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In the broader religious context, this idea of living according to divine will over personal desire can be found in many other traditions. For instance, in Buddhism, the denial of personal desire is a central concept, where attachment is seen as the root of suffering. In Islam, submission to the will of Allah is paramount. While different in their approach and understanding of the divine, the theme of surpassing individual whims in favor of a higher moral or spiritual principle is a common thread among many religious teachings.

Scientific Perspectives

This verse might be examined from a scientific perspective by looking into psychological and behavioral studies that explore how beliefs and commitments influence human behavior. For example, cognitive dissonance theory would suggest that once individuals commit to a certain set of beliefs (like those of Christianity), they’re likely to align their behaviors with those beliefs to avoid psychological discomfort. Another angle might involve studying the effects of spiritual practices on mental and physical health.

Commentaries

Matthew Henry Commentary: Matthew Henry suggests this verse contrasts the life a Christian lived before conversion – marked by human passions, with their life after conversion – now governed by God’s will. Henry emphasizes the finite nature of earthly life and the importance of living according to divine direction.

John MacArthur: John MacArthur elaborates on the dichotomy between fleshly desires and divine will. He lays out the point that the believer’s life should be distinctly different from their past and characterized by obedience to God as a display of their salvation.

Warren W. Wiersbe: In his “Be Hopeful” commentary, Wiersbe discusses how Christians should expect trials and sufferings and use them as an opportunity to commit themselves to the will of God. This comportment molds character and defines a truly spiritual service to God.