What does 2 Corinthians 4:13 mean?

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We having the same spirit of faith, according as it is written, I believed, and therefore have I spoken; we also believe, and therefore speak; 2 Corinthians 4:13

Explanation

2 Corinthians 4:13 speaks to the confidence and conviction that comes from faith. The Apostle Paul here refers to having a spirit of faith consistent with scripture, which prompts both belief and proclamation. The “spirit of faith” means an attitude or disposition characterized by trust in God. The phrase “according as it is written” suggests that Paul’s understanding of faith is rooted in the Jewish Scriptures. His mention of believing and therefore speaking refers to the idea that faith naturally leads to vocal expression of that faith. In this case, it is a declaration of the Gospel or the truths of Christianity.

Historical Context

The second epistle to the Corinthians was written by Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ, circa 55-57 AD. During this period, Paul was dealing with the church in Corinth, which faced internal strife and external pressures. This epistle addresses questions about Paul’s apostolic ministry and defends against accusations from false apostles. Paul finds himself needing to remind the Corinthians of the spiritual truths that must govern their lives.

Theological Insights

Different theological perspectives might approach this verse with varying emphases:

Evangelical theology may emphasize the importance of confession of faith as an outward testimony to an internal belief.
Reformed theology might focus on the sovereignty of God in enabling believers both to have faith and to speak it boldly.
Pentecostal theology could highlight the “spirit of faith” as involving the empowerment of the Holy Spirit to declare God’s works.

Practical Applications

The teachings of 2 Corinthians 4:13 could be applied in daily life in several ways:

Encouraging believers to boldly speak about their faith to others.
Reminding faith communities that action should stem from their belief.
Providing comfort that a Christian’s faith has roots in ancient, scriptural testimony.

Cross-References

Romans 10:10 – “For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made unto salvation.”
Psalm 116:10 – “I believed, therefore have I spoken: I was greatly afflicted:”
Matthew 12:34 – “O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things? for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.”

Language Study

The key phrase in the original Greek text is “πιστεύω… διὸ καὶ λαλοῦμεν” (pisteuō... dio kai laloumen), which translates to “I believed, and therefore speak.” The usage of “πιστεύω” (pisteuō) encompasses the act of believing and having faith, while “λαλοῦμεν” (laloumen) denotes the act of speaking or saying. This connection underscores that belief is inherently tied to the outward expression of that belief.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In other ancient religious contexts, such as Greco-Roman mythologies, speaking truth into being was often an attribute of the gods. In Judaism, speaking truth is also essential, as demonstrated in the concept of the Shema prayer, emphasizing that God’s truths must be spoken and acted upon. Paul is weaving this Jewish understanding with the new Christian theology that adds the declaration of the Gospel.

Scientific Perspectives

Scientifically, one might consider the impact of belief and speech on human psychology and behavior. Research has shown that articulating beliefs can reinforce them and influence actions. Thus, from a psychological standpoint, expressing faith could further integrate one’s belief system into their daily practices and decision-making.

Commentaries

Various Bible scholars and theologians interpret 2 Corinthians 4:13 in different ways:

Some suggest that Paul is emphasizing the continuity between the faith expressed in the Hebrew Scriptures and the Christian Gospel.
Others see in this verse a defense of Paul’s spoken ministry, justifying his bold speech by his steadfast faith rooted in ancient scriptural promises.
Another common interpretation is that of an encouragement to Christians to persevere in the witness of their faith despite adversity, inspired by the example of the Psalmist cited by Paul.