What does 2 Corinthians 4:17 mean?

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For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, worketh for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory; 2 Corinthians 4:17

Explanation

2 Corinthians 4:17 speaks of the suffering that believers experience as transient and minor when compared to the eternal glory that awaits them in the presence of God. In this verse, Apostle Paul uses a stark contrast between the present hardships (“light affliction”) and the future rewards (“far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory”). The afflictions are described as “light,” which suggests they are bearable or insignificant when contrasted with the overwhelming glory to come. Additionally, the afflictions are said to be “for a moment,” meaning they are temporary. The key point here is the juxtaposition of the temporary nature of suffering with the eternal, immense, and substantial nature of the glory that believers anticipate as a result of their faithfulness through trials.

Historical Context

The Second Epistle to the Corinthians is one of the letters written by the Apostle Paul to the Christian church in Corinth. This epistle was likely written in the mid-50s A.D. The church in Corinth was facing various internal and external challenges, including false apostles who undermined Paul’s authority and sowed discord, as well as persecution from non-Christian inhabitants of Corinth. Paul wrote this letter to defend his apostolic authority, address the issues within the church, and encourage the believers in the midst of their afflictions.

Theological Insights

From a theological perspective, this verse encapsulates the Christian doctrine of suffering and glory. It speaks to the concept of eschatological hope, that is, the future hope of redemption and restoration that Christians hold onto. It reflects the belief that there is a purpose behind suffering which can contribute to one’s spiritual growth and can be seen as preparatory for the experience of future glory with God. Thus, from a Christian viewpoint, current hardships are not only temporary but also serve a greater purpose in God’s redemptive plan.

Practical Applications

The teachings of this verse can inspire individuals to adopt a perspective that views trials and hardships as opportunities for growth, maintaining hope during difficult times with the belief that these experiences can lead to greater spiritual maturity and preparedness for eternal life. It can also encourage resilience and steadfastness, teaching believers to focus on the promise of what is to come rather than becoming overwhelmed by the temporary nature of their current struggles.

Cross-References

Romans 8:18: “For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us.”
1 Peter 1:6-7: “Wherein ye greatly rejoice, though now for a season, if need be, ye are in heaviness through manifold temptations: That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold that perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise and honour and glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ.”
James 1:2-4: “My brethren, count it all joy when ye fall into divers temptations; Knowing this, that the trying of your faith worketh patience. But let patience have her perfect work, that ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing.”

Language Study

The key phrases in this verse are “light affliction” and “eternal weight of glory.” The original Greek term for “light” is “ἐλαφρόν” (elaphron), which can mean light in weight or insignificant. “Affliction” translates to “θλῖψιν” (thlipsin), typically meaning pressure or to be squeezed. “Eternal” is from “αἰώνιον” (aionion), indicative of an age or forever, emphasizing time without end. “Weight” is “βάρος” (baros), suggesting heaviness or burden. “Glory” is “δόξα” (doxa), which conveys the idea of an opinion, judgment, or the splendor, brightness, and majesty pertaining to God. The language illustrates a concept of the temporary nature of temporal suffering versus the permanence and grandeur of eternal glory.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Comparisons to other ancient texts and religious interpretations reveal a common theme of the transient nature of life and the endurance of the soul or spirit. Similar concepts are found in various religions and philosophies, including Hinduism’s idea of Maya (illusion) versus the eternal Atman (soul), and Buddhism’s emphasis on impermanence of suffering with the ultimate goal of Nirvana. However, the Christian perspective as given in 2 Corinthians is unique in its linkage of suffering with the anticipation of sharing in the divine glory through Christ.

Scientific Perspectives

Contemporary psychology and neurology have explored human responses to suffering, noting that individuals who maintain a positive, hopeful outlook on life can often manage stress better and exhibit greater resilience. While this does not directly confirm or deny the theological aspects of the verse, it does align with the practical applications suggested by the biblical text, highlighting the benefits of a mindset that looks beyond present difficulties to a hopeful future.

Commentaries

Various biblical scholars and theologians have offered interpretations of 2 Corinthians 4:17. Some, like John Calvin, emphasize the contrast between the ephemeral nature of afflictions and the eternal glory as a source of comfort and motivation for believers. Contemporary commentaries might focus on the psychological or pastoral applications of this verse, encouraging individuals to consider the shaping effects of adversity and the Christian hope in future glory. Others, from a more critical perspective, might analyze Paul’s rhetorical strategies in addressing his detractors and bolstering the resolve of the Corinthians amidst the trials they faced.