What does 2 Corinthians 5:9 mean?

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Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him. 2 Corinthians 5:9

Explanation

2 Corinthians 5:9 speaks to the motivation and goal of the believer’s life. The apostle Paul expresses the desire that no matter the circumstance—whether living in the body (present) or deceased (absent)—the goal is to be pleasing and acceptable to God. The “labour” mentioned here refers to the earnest endeavour in living a Christ-like life; it reflects a deep commitment to serving and living for God regardless of earthly life or death. This verse underlines the Christian doctrine that believers should strive for a life that is commendable and honourable in the sight of God.

Historical Context

This verse is part of Paul’s second letter to the Corinthians. The epistle was written in the mid-first century A.D. to the church of Corinth, a congregation Paul had founded. The church in Corinth was diverse and faced several challenges, including internal conflicts, moral issues, and questions about Christian doctrine. This letter addressed these concerns and encouraged believers to remain steadfast in their faith. During this period, the early Christians faced significant persecution and hardship, and Paul’s words were meant to encourage a faithful living that reflected their commitment to Christ.

Theological Insights

Theologically, this passage can be interpreted from different points of view. In the Protestant tradition, this verse is often seen as a call to sanctification, where believers strive for holy living. It aligns with the belief in salvation by faith alone, but also that faith is evidenced by good works. From a Catholic perspective, the “labour” could be associated with both faith and works contributing to sanctification and righteousness.

Practical Applications

Practically, 2 Corinthians 5:9 serves as a daily reminder that the ultimate goal of our lives is to please God. This can affect how one makes decisions, interacts with others, and sets priorities. It encourages believers to live ethically and morally upright lives, to work diligently and with integrity, and to serve others as a reflection of God’s love and grace.

Cross-References

Colossians 3:17: “And whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God and the Father by him.”
1 Corinthians 10:31: “Whether therefore ye eat, or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God.”
Romans 14:8: “For whether we live, we live unto the Lord; and whether we die, we die unto the Lord: whether we live therefore, or die, we are the Lord’s.”

Language Study

In studying the original Greek language of this verse:

“Labour” translates from “φιλοτιμούμεθα” (philotimeometha), which suggests aspiring or making it one’s honour to do something.
“Accepted” comes from “εὐάρεστοι” (euarestoi), which means well-pleasing or acceptable. Each word carries connotations of eager striving and pursuit of commendation, not from humans but from God.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In comparing with other ancient religions, one might look at similar motifs of living a noble life, often to please or align oneself with the gods. For instance, in Stoicism—a prevalent philosophy of the time—there was an emphasis on living in accordance with nature, which can be seen as analogous to living in accordance with God’s will in Christian terms.

Scientific Perspectives

The intersection of this verse with modern scientific understandings might converge on the psychological aspects of meaning and purpose in life. A body of scientific literature suggests that having a clear purpose is associated with better mental health and well-being. While scientific perspectives generally remain agnostic on matters of faith, the pursuit of an ethical life as advocated in the verse can have tangible positive effects on personal and societal well-being.

Commentaries

The Pulpit Commentary expounds on the notion that Paul expresses his great ambition—whether in his mortal condition or apart from it—to be pleasing to God. This ambition governs all his actions and spirit.
Matthew Henry’s Commentary emphasises that Paul’s duty and endeavour was to keep a clear conscience in all things and that all Christians should aim for this objective to be accepted by God.
The Expositor’s Bible Commentary notes that Paul’s use of “we labour” implies a continuous and dedicated effort, suggesting that pleasing God is the Christian’s career and vocation, not just a side interest.