What does Luke 2:33 mean?

And Joseph and his mother marvelled at those things which were spoken of him. Luke 2:33

Explanation

Luke 2:33 refers to an event that occurs during the presentation of Jesus at the Temple. According to Jewish law, Mary and Joseph have brought Jesus to Jerusalem to perform the traditional rituals required for a firstborn son. They encounter Simeon, a righteous and devout man who has been waiting for the consolation of Israel and had received a revelation that he would not die before he had seen the Messiah. Simeon blesses the family and speaks prophetic words about Jesus and his impact on Israel and the nations.

The text mentions that Joseph and Mary marvel at what was said about their child. Their astonishment may be due to the divine revelation of Simeon’s prophecy that confirms the angelic messages they have received before about Jesus’ exceptional role. They are likely reflecting on the magnitude of their son’s destiny and the unexpected recognition of his significance by this devout stranger.

Historical Context

The historical context of Luke 2:33 is set within the broader narrative of the Gospel of Luke, which was written approximately between 80-110 A.D. The presentation at the Temple is an act in keeping with Jewish customs of that era. According to the Law of Moses, every firstborn male was to be dedicated to the Lord (Exodus 13:2,12), and a purification offering was to be made by his parents (Leviticus 12:6-8). The Temple in Jerusalem was the center of Jewish worship, and it was customary for pious Jews to visit for significant religious undertakings.

Theological Insights

From a theological viewpoint, the astonishment of Mary and Joseph at Simeon’s proclamation can be seen as an acknowledgment of Jesus’ divine mission. Simeon is guided by the Holy Spirit to recognize Jesus as the Messiah, providing a confirmation of Jesus’ role in the salvation of humanity. The traditional interpretation within Christianity holds that this scene underscores the revelation of Jesus not only as the hope for Israel but also for all nations. This passage plays a pivotal role in the understanding of Jesus as the light that reveals God to the world, aligning with the theme of Luke’s Gospel, which emphasizes the universal nature of Jesus’s ministry.

Practical Applications

The verse can inspire believers to be open to divine revelations and wisdom that might come through unexpected sources. Mary and Joseph’s reaction to Simeon’s words can teach individuals the virtue of wonder and humility when they encounter spiritual truth. It suggests the importance of recognizing the significance of religious traditions and rites as opportunities to encounter God’s presence and affirm faith.

Cross-References

• Exodus 13:2 – “Sanctify unto me all the firstborn, whatsoever openeth the womb among the children of Israel, both of man and of beast: it is mine.”
• Leviticus 12:6-8 – Details the requirements for a woman’s purification after giving birth and the subsequent presentation of the child.
• Luke 2:25-32 – The account of Simeon meeting Jesus and prophesying about Him.

Language Study

In the original Greek text, the word for “marvelled” is “ἐθαύμαζον” (ethaumazon), derived from “θαυμάζω” (thaumazō) meaning to wonder, admire, or marvel. This response is portrayed in the context of witnessing an event that is extraordinary or surpassing expectation. The text emphasizes the response to the divine revelation given through Simeon, reflecting a deep sense of awe and amazement at the prophecies concerning Jesus.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

The scene of presentation at the Temple and prophetic recognition has parallels in various cultural and religious traditions. In ancient myths, young heroes or leaders often had significant destinies forecasted at a young age. For instance, in some mythologies, oracles or seers predict the future impact of characters who later become great warriors or rulers. In Hinduism, there are stories of sages recognizing the divine nature of Krishna in his childhood. This phenomenon underscores a cross-cultural theme where special individuals are recognized early in their lives by wise figures.

Scientific Perspectives

The scientific perspective does not directly contribute to the understanding of the events in this verse as it involves religious experience and personal marvel. However, psychological studies do acknowledge the concept of wonder and awe, particularly in the context of unexpected or spiritually significant experiences. These studies show that experiencing wonder can have positive effects on human health and well-being.

Commentaries

Biblical scholars and theologians offer various interpretations of Luke 2:33. Many commentaries focus on the faith and righteousness of Mary and Joseph, who faithfully follow Jewish law, leading them to this divine encounter. They also touch on the mixture of joy and concern that must have filled Mary and Joseph upon hearing of the great and also challenging future Simeon predicts for Jesus. Other experts reflect on the literary structure of Luke’s account, bringing out the significance of this event in the wider narrative of Jesus’s life and mission. Commentaries frequently highlight how this encounter in the temple contributes to the unveiling of Jesus’s identity as the Savior.