What does Romans 15:26 mean?

For it hath pleased them of Macedonia and Achaia to make a certain contribution for the poor saints which are at Jerusalem. Romans 15:26

Explanation

Romans 15:26 states, “For it hath pleased them of Macedonia and Achaia to make a certain contribution for the poor saints which are at Jerusalem.” This verse describes the act of charity by the early Christian communities in the regions of Macedonia and Achaia in raising funds to help their fellow Christians in Jerusalem, who were suffering from poverty. The phrase “it hath pleased them” indicates that this was a voluntary and joyful act of giving. The recipients of this contribution are referred to as “poor saints,” denoting members of the Christian community in Jerusalem who were in need of material support, and the term “saints” signifies their status as holy individuals set apart by their faith in Jesus Christ.

Historical Context

The epistle to the Romans was authored by Paul the Apostle, likely around 57 A.D., and is addressed to the Christian church in Rome. During this period, the church in Jerusalem experienced significant hardship, possibly due to a famine that affected Judea in the mid-first century, as well as social ostracism and persecution. Paul, aware of the struggles of these Christians, organized a collection among the Gentile churches he had founded or visited in regions like Macedonia (including cities like Philippi and Thessalonica) and Achaia (where Corinth was a major city). His intention was not only to provide material assistance but also to solidify the unity between Jewish and Gentile Christians.

Theological Insights

From a theological perspective, this verse highlights several key principles. First is the concept of koinonia, or fellowship, which includes sharing possessions and resources within the body of Christ. Second, it touches on the Jewish Christian understanding of giving alms as a righteous act before God. Third, it exemplifies the breaking down of barriers between Jews and Gentiles, uniting them in their common faith and love. Finally, it conveys the idea of the Christian obligation to care for the needy, a consistent theme in Paul’s teachings and the broader Christian doctrine.

Practical Applications

This verse provides several practical applications for contemporary believers. It encourages the act of charitable giving, particularly for those within one’s religious community who are less fortunate. It also serves as a call for unity and mutual support among diverse groups within the church, emphasizing the importance of looking beyond ethnic and cultural differences. Moreover, it acts as a reminder to approach acts of charity with a spirit of joy and willingness, rather than obligation.

Cross-References

• 2 Corinthians 8:1-5 – Describes the generosity of the Macedonian churches contributing to the relief of Christians in Jerusalem.
• Acts 24:17 – Paul mentions bringing alms to his nation in Jerusalem.
• Galatians 2:10 – The Jerusalem leaders asked Paul to remember the poor, which was something he was eager to do.
• 1 Corinthians 16:1-4 – Paul gives instructions regarding the collection for the saints.
• 2 Corinthians 9:7 – “Every man according as he purposeth in his heart, so let him give; not grudgingly, or of necessity: for God loveth a cheerful giver.”

Language Study

In the original Greek text, the word for “contribution” is “koinonia,” which can be translated as “fellowship,” “sharing,” or “participation.” It implies a deeper connection than just a financial transaction; it suggests a sharing in life and community. The word for “poor” is “ptochos,” which means not merely financially destitute but also carries a sense of being crushed, bent over, and dependent on others for support. The use of the term “saints” or “hagios” emphasizes their sanctified status as believers in Christ.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

The concept of communal support and almsgiving was not unique to early Christianity but also found in various forms within Jewish tradition and other religious systems of the time. In Judaism, there was a strong tradition of tzedakah, charitable giving, regarded as a matter of justice rather than voluntary charity. In the broader Hellenistic culture, patronage and benefaction were common methods of providing support, often done to enhance one’s social status. In contrast, the early Christian approach to giving emphasized humility, anonymity, and care for the community without seeking personal gain.

Scientific Perspectives

While there is no direct scientific perspective on the act of charitable giving described in Romans 15:26, modern psychology and social sciences have examined the effects of giving on both the giver and the receiver. Studies have shown that acts of charity can increase the psychological well-being of the giver, fostering feelings of happiness and social connection. Additionally, from an economic standpoint, wealth distribution through charity can contribute to stabilizing and strengthening communities, a principle indirectly supported by the actions described in this verse.

Commentaries

Biblical scholars and theologians offer various insights on Romans 15:26. Some focus on the unity that the collection promotes among Gentile and Jewish Christians. For example, John Stott emphasizes that the gift from predominantly Gentile churches to the church in Jerusalem has a double significance: it is an expression of gratitude and an act of fellowship. Others, like Douglas Moo, discuss how this act of giving supports Paul’s mission to show that the Gentiles are full participants in the blessings of God’s people. Additionally, scholars like N. T. Wright consider Paul’s collection as an embodiment of the prophetic vision in which the wealth of the nations flows into Jerusalem, symbolizing the ingathering of the Gentiles into the family of Abraham.