What does Psalms 105:19 mean?

Until the time that his word came: the word of the LORD tried him. Psalms 105:19

Explanation

Psalm 105:19 speaks about the trials of a person through the lens of divine providence. This verse specifically refers to Joseph, son of Jacob (Israel), as narrated in the book of Genesis. “Until the time that his word came” can be interpreted as the period during which Joseph waited for the fulfillment of the dreams he had as a young man, which indicated that he would rise to a position of power and that his family would one day bow down to him.

“The word of the LORD tried him” signifies that the promises given to him by God were tested through his experiences. The trials mentioned here are not simply personal difficulties; they are the means through which God’s word and promises were being tested and fulfilled in Joseph’s life. These trials included being sold into slavery by his brothers, being falsely accused and imprisoned, and eventually rising to become the second most powerful person in Egypt.

Historical Context

This verse is embedded in a psalm that recounts the history of God’s dealings with Israel, from the calling of Abraham to the entry into the Promised Land. The context for Psalm 105:19 is historical and is tied directly to the narrative of Joseph found in Genesis chapters 37 to 50. It is believed that the psalms were composed at various times throughout Israel’s history, but many attribute the final compilation of the Book of Psalms to the period after the Babylonian Exile (6th century BCE). The reference to Joseph would have served as a reminder to the Israelites of God’s faithfulness even in times of hardship.

Theological Insights

Different theological viewpoints may draw varied insights from Psalm 105:19:

• Providence and Suffering: Many theologians see this verse as a testament to God’s providence, demonstrating how God can use suffering for a greater purpose.
• Faith and Patience: From a Christian perspective, this verse can illustrate the importance of faith and patience, holding onto God’s promises even when circumstances suggest otherwise.
• Prophecy and Fulfillment: For those who focus on the prophetic, this verse underlines the idea of a prophecy given and later fulfilled, underscoring the trustworthiness of divine aspirations.

Practical Applications

In daily life, Psalm 105:19 can serve as a source of comfort and guidance in several ways:

• Endurance: This verse encourages believers to endure through trials, trusting that God’s plan will ultimately unfold.
• Faithfulness: It may inspire individuals to remain faithful to God’s word, despite challenges or delays in seeing promises come to pass.
• Perspective: The verse can provide a healthy perspective on difficulties, helping believers understand that struggles may serve a higher purpose.

Cross-References

• Genesis 37:5-11 – The dreams of Joseph, hinting at his future.
• Genesis 45:7-8 – Joseph acknowledges God’s purpose in his trials.
• Psalm 105:17 – Another verse that names Joseph specifically.
• 1 Peter 1:6-7 – The concept of trials testing faith like gold is tested by fire.
• James 1:2-4 – The teaching to consider it joy when facing trials of various kinds.

Language Study

In the original Hebrew, the phrase “the word of the LORD tried him” uses the word “דָּבָר” (dabar), meaning “word,” and “בָּחַן” (bachan), meaning “to try” or “to refine.” The use of the term “bachan” implies not only testing but also purifying, suggesting that the trials Joseph faced were meant to refine his character, similar to how metal is refined by fire.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Comparable narratives in other cultures might include:

• The Trials of Hercules: In Greek mythology, Hercules faced a series of trials as part of his penance and journey to immortality.
• The Epic of Gilgamesh: Gilgamesh endured hardships and learned vital lessons about life and mortality.

However, the major difference in the biblical narrative is the monotheistic perspective, where trials are part of a divine plan rather than mere fate or the capriciousness of multiple gods.

Scientific Perspectives

While Psalm 105:19 isn’t directly related to scientific concepts, scientific perspectives can offer insight into the psychological and social aspects of enduring hardships. Research in psychology supports the idea that dealing with adversity can lead to personal growth, resilience, and a deeper understanding of meaning and purpose in life.

Commentaries

Various biblical commentaries interpret Psalm 105:19 in the following ways:

• Matthew Henry’s Commentary: Suggests that Joseph’s trials were a form of spiritual refining, preparing him for the role he was to play.
• The Treasury of David by Charles Spurgeon: Points out that the word of the Lord tried Joseph by arousing the envy of his brothers, which led to his enslavement and imprisonment.
• John Gill’s Exposition of the Bible: Emphasizes that the trials served as a way to examine and improve Joseph’s character, as well as to bring about the fulfillment of God’s word.