What does 1 Corinthians 14:31 mean?

Explanation

1 Corinthians 14:31 is a verse embedded in a larger discussion about the use of spiritual gifts within the early Christian community, particularly the gift of prophecy.

The apostle Paul emphasizes the importance of order in Christian gatherings, particularly when the gift is exercised.

The verse underscores two primary concerns: education and comfort.

Paul's directive "for ye may all prophesy one by one" suggests that each believer with the gift of prophecy should have an opportunity to speak, but not all at the same time. This orderly approach would ensure clarity in communication, thereby serving the congregation effectively.

The purpose of orderly prophesying is twofold: that all may learn, and all may be comforted.

Learning implies the imparting of divine truth, understanding of Christian doctrine, or insights pertaining to the community's spiritual direction.

Comfort likely refers to the encouragement and strengthening of the believers’ faith, especially during times of trouble or uncertainty.

Historical Context

1 Corinthians was written by Paul to the believers in Corinth, a cosmopolitan city known for its cultural diversity and moral laxity.

The Corinthian church was troubled by factions, moral issues, and misunderstandings about spiritual gifts.

Especially relevant to this verse, there were disorders in their worship gatherings, as certain spiritual gifts were being overemphasized or misused.

Paul writes this letter to address these issues and to bring order and understanding to how the gifts should function within the church, emphasizing that all things should be done "decently and in order" (1 Corinthians 14:40).

Theological Insights

Interpreting 1 Corinthians 14:31 yields several theological insights:

• The Priesthood of All Believers: This verse implies that not just a select few, but all who are gifted, have the right and responsibility to share their insights.
• Edification: Paul's emphasis on learning and comfort reinforces the purpose of spiritual gifts as being for the edification of the church.
• Order in Worship: The sequential exercise of gifts reflects a divine preference for order and peace in communal worship, as opposed to confusion and chaos.
• Prophecy: Different traditions interpret prophecy in various ways.

Some view it as forthtelling (preaching) based on Scripture, while others include a component of foretelling future events.

Practical Applications

The teachings of 1 Corinthians 14:31 can be practically applied in several ways:

• In church services, members should be encouraged to participate and contribute to the fellowship, but in a way that promotes understanding and edification.
• Those leading worship or small groups can ensure an environment that values both structure and the active involvement of each participant.
• Believers are reminded of the importance of mutual edification and comfort, and should seek to use their gifts to contribute positively to the community.
• This verse can inspire respectful dialogue and turn-taking in both religious and secular meetings, promoting harmony and productive discussions.

Cross-References

• 1 Corinthians 14:3 – "But he that prophesieth speaketh unto men to edification, and exhortation, and comfort."
• 1 Corinthians 14:29 – "Let the prophets speak two or three, and let the other judge."
• 1 Corinthians 14:33 – "For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints."
• 1 Corinthians 14:40 – "Let all things be done decently and in order."
• Acts 2:17 – "And it shall come to pass in the last days, saith God, I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh: and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy..."

Language Study

The key words in the original Greek text for this verse are important to understand its full meaning:

• "Prophesy" (Προφητεύετε | prophēteuete): Comes from "prophetes" meaning a proclaimer of divine truth.
• "One by one" (καθ’ ἕνα | kath' hena): Indicates an orderly succession, one after another.
• "Learn" (μανθάνωσιν | manthanōsin): To gain knowledge or understanding.
• "Comforted" (παρακαλῶνται | parakalōntai): To be called to one's side, especially for encouragement or consolation.

The precise understanding of these terms helps illuminate Paul's instructions for the proportional and edifying use of prophecy in the church.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In many ancient religions, including Greco-Roman and Near-Eastern religions, oracular pronouncements were common.

However, they often involved ecstatic states and were exclusive to select individuals like priests or temple oracles.

In contrast, 1 Corinthians 14:31 suggests a more democratic participation in prophesying, also marked by orderliness rather than ecstatic disorder.

Scientific Perspectives

While 1 Corinthians 14:31 does not directly interact with scientific concepts, modern psychology and group dynamics support the idea that structured environments lead to better learning and comfort.

The guidelines provided by Paul could be seen as contributing to positive group interactions and overall mental well-being during communal engagements.

Commentaries

Various Bible scholars and theologians offer different insights into this verse:

• John Chrysostom, an early Church Father, pointed out the educational aspect of prophecy within the church, emphasizing mutual edification.
• Contemporary commentators note the concern for orderliness and the potential for abuse of spiritual gifts in corporate worship settings.
• Some reformist theologians interpret this as a call for the inclusion of various voices in ecclesiastical teaching roles, highlighting the communal aspect of spiritual gift expression.