What does 1 John 5:18 mean?

Explanation

1 John 5:18 speaks to the transformative nature of genuine faith and the inherent protection it affords believers from the influence of evil.

The verse begins by asserting that individuals born of God do not continue to sin; this is often interpreted to mean that someone who has truly accepted God into their life will not live in a habitual state of sin.

The second part of the verse points to an act of self-preservation by those begotten of God, they keep themselves from evil influences.

The concluding principle is that the "evil one," often understood as Satan or a personification of evil, does not "touch" or harm the individual spiritually rooted in God.

Historical Context

The First Epistle of John, traditionally ascribed to John the Apostle, was likely written between A.D. 85 and 95.

The epistle addresses members of the early Christian communities who were experiencing internal conflicts brought about by false teachers, often labeled as Gnostics, who were challenging core Christian beliefs.

The author writes to affirm the foundational teachings, encourage righteous behavior, and assure believers of their salvation and security in Christ.

Theological Insights

This verse provides several theological insights.

One is the concept of sanctification, the belief that a life transformed by God is characterized by a departure from sin.

The idea that a believer does not continue in sin aligns with the doctrine of "perseverance of the saints," suggesting that those truly born of God will persist in their faith and not fall away.

Lastly, it speaks to the protection bestowed on believers, implying that evil cannot ultimately harm those who are safeguarded by their relationship with God.

Practical Applications

Practically, this verse can inspire believers to strive for personal holiness and conduct their lives in a manner befitting their new identity in Christ. It offers encouragement that they are not alone in their struggle against sin, as they are guarded by divine power.

Additionally, it reminds Christians to be vigilant in protecting themselves from negative influences that might lead them away from their faith.

Cross-References

• John 3:5-6 - "Jesus answered, Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.

That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit."

• John 8:34-36 - "Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin.

And the servant abideth not in the house for ever: but the Son abideth ever.

If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed."

• Romans 6:14 - "For sin shall not have dominion over you: for ye are not under the law, but under grace."
• Romans 8:37-39 - "Nay, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him that loved us."
• James 4:7 - "Submit yourselves therefore to God.

Resist the devil, and he will flee from you."

Language Study

Analyzing two key phrases in the original Greek text of this verse:

• "sinneth not" (Greek: "οὐχ ἁμαρτάνει"): The Greek verb for sin here is in the present active indicative, which conveys a continual or habitual action.

This implies that a person born of God does not habitually engage in sin.

• "keepeth himself" (Greek: "τηρεῖ ἑαυτόν"): The Greek verb "τηρεῖ" suggests a careful, watchful guarding. This denotes an active role of the believer in remaining in God's will and being vigilant against sin and temptation.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In many religious traditions, a dichotomy exists between the worldly or sinful and the divine or virtuous.

For example, in Zoroastrianism, there's a cosmic battle between good and evil (Ahura Mazda and Angra Mainyu). 1 John 5:18 similarly reflects a worldview of moral dualism, in this case, being born of God as opposed to living under the influence of the "wicked one."

Scientific Perspectives

Science typically does not directly engage with theological assertions about sin and spiritual rebirth due to their metaphysical nature.

However, psychology might provide insight into the transformational aspects of religious conversion or commitment, noting changes in behavior and outlook that often accompany deeply held beliefs.

Commentaries

Different commentaries have varying interpretations of this verse:

• The Expositor's Greek Testament might emphasize the continuous aspect of "sinneth not," suggesting that it's about a pattern of life rather than an absolute state of sinlessness.
• John Gill's Exposition of the Bible may highlight the divine protection over the believer, connecting the idea of the "evil one" not touching the believer to the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.
• Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary would likely focus on the distinction between the children of God and others, associating sin with a departure from God's will, and linking not sinning with remaining in fellowship with God.