What does 2 Corinthians 11:9 mean?

Explanation

2 Corinthians 11:9 addresses the apostle Paul's refusal to burden the Corinthian church financially during his ministry among them.

He clarifies that while he did experience times of need, he did not ask the Corinthian believers to provide for those lacks.

Instead, he points out, the brethren from Macedonia, such as the churches in Philippi, Thessalonica, and Berea, sent support to cover his needs.

He emphasizes his commitment to not be a financial burden to the Corinthians and expresses his intention to maintain this principle of independence.

This reflects Paul's dedication to preaching the gospel without creating an impression that he was doing it for personal gain.

Historical Context

This verse is situated in the context of Paul's second letter to the Corinthians, which was likely written in 55-57 AD. At the time, Corinth was a prosperous Roman city known for its wealth, cosmopolitan population, and various cultural influences.

Christian missionaries like Paul often faced suspicions and accusations of seeking personal profit from the message they delivered. To counteract this, Paul sought to avoid any appearance of greed or exploitation by refusing financial assistance from the Corinthians while ministering to them.

Theological Insights

From a theological standpoint, this verse can be viewed from different angles:

• The ethic of self-support: It reflects an ethic that Christian workers may choose not to be a financial burden to their congregants.
• Christian generosity: It demonstrates the principle of Christian giving and support within the body of Christ, exemplified by the churches in Macedonia.
• Apostolic humility: It highlights Paul's humility and commitment to serving without recompense as a model for ministry.

Practical Applications

This verse encourages believers to be generous and resourceful in supporting Christian workers and missionaries.

It also suggests that those in ministry should be mindful of how they receive support, avoiding placing undue pressure on those they serve.

It can inspire modern Christians to selflessly serve others, even when it involves personal sacrifice.

Cross-References

• Philippians 4:15-16: "Now ye Philippians know also, that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no church communicated with me as concerning giving and receiving, but ye only."
• Acts 18:3: "And because he was of the same craft, he abode with them, and wrought: for by their occupation they were tentmakers."
• 1 Thessalonians 2:9: "For ye remember, brethren, our labour and travail: for labouring night and day, because we would not be chargeable unto any of you, we preached unto you the gospel of God."

Language Study

The phrase "chargeable to no man" comes from the Greek word "κατενάρκησα" (katenarkesa), meaning "to be a burden." Paul emphasizes that he did not burden anyone by relying on their support.

"That which was lacking" translates from "τὸ ὑστέρημά" (to husterema), which refers to a deficiency or need.

"Supplied" is from "προσανεπλήρωσαν" (prosanaplerosan), indicating that the Macedonian believers filled up what was lacking.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Comparing Paul's self-support in ministry to other ancient religious practices reveals contrasts, particularly with pagan priesthoods that often benefited from temple revenues and offerings.

Paul's approach aligns more closely with some Jewish itinerant teachers who might have worked trades alongside their teaching to avoid burdening their communities.

Scientific Perspectives

Scientifically, one could analyze the concept of reciprocity and its impact on social relationships.

Studies in psychology suggest that the feeling of indebtedness and obligation can affect the dynamics between individuals and groups.

Paul's choice to avoid creating an obligation on the part of the Corinthians could have fostered a freer acceptance of his teachings, not tied to material transactions.

Commentaries

Several biblical scholars and commentators shed light on this verse:

• John Gill emphasizes Paul's determination to not be a financial strain on the Corinthians, valuing the spiritual welfare of the church over his personal needs.
• Matthew Henry notes that Paul's example teaches ministers of the gospel to be moderate in their desires and not to seek or rely on large incomes from their congregations.
• The IVP New Testament Commentary Series points out that Paul saw the support from the Macedonian churches as a divine provision, allowing him to minister freely without being a burden on the Corinthian church.