What does John 20:5 mean?

Explanation

John 20:5 describes a moment in the New Testament where one of Jesus' disciples, commonly understood to be John, reaches Jesus' tomb before Peter.

The verse captures a moment of hesitation or reverence as the disciple stoops to look into the tomb where Jesus had been laid following His crucifixion.

Upon looking in, he observes that the linen cloths used to wrap Jesus' body were lying there, but unlike Peter who follows shortly and enters the tomb, this disciple does not go in.

The deeper meaning may deal with the anticipation of understanding the resurrection, the respect for the sacred space, and the fulfillment of scriptural prophecy regarding Jesus' rising from the dead.

Historical Context

This verse is part of an account found in the Gospel of John about the resurrection of Jesus Christ.

The Gospel was likely written in the late 1st century AD and the event itself would have taken place in Jerusalem around 33 AD.

During this period, belief in resurrection was contested within different Jewish sects, and Roman authorities would have taken an interest in the case of Jesus' missing body due to the political nature of messianic claims.

Theological Insights

From a theological perspective, this verse showcases different reactions to the divine and highlights the human experience of awe in the presence of God's work. The hesitance to enter the tomb could reflect a sense of unworthiness or deep respect.

Some theologians argue that John's initial decision not to enter the tomb symbolizes a gradual process of coming to faith, which complements Peter's more impulsive approach.

It also emphasizes the fulfillment of Jesus' own prophecies about His death and resurrection, which is central to Christian faith.

Practical Applications

Practically, this verse can encourage individuals to approach holy experiences with a sense of reverence and thoughtfulness.

It teaches that there is value in both contemplation and action when encountering moments of spiritual significance.

It also serves as a reminder to examine the scriptures for understanding and to recognize moments that may fulfill them.

Cross-References

• Luke 24:12: "Then arose Peter, and ran unto the sepulchre; and stooping down, he beheld the linen clothes laid by themselves, and departed, wondering in himself at that which was come to pass."
• John 20:3-4: "Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came to the sepulchre.

So they ran both together: and the other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulchre."

• John 20:6-7: "Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie, And the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself."

Language Study

The Greek word for "stooping down" is παρακύψας (parakypsas), which means to bend over or glance into. This action implies careful observation without interference.

The word for "saw" is βλέπει (blepei), indicating seeing in a physical sense but can also connote mental perception.

"Linen clothes" translates to ὀθόνια (othonia), which refers to the grave clothes or wrappings, and their presence underscored the absence of Jesus' body.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In the cultural and religious context of the time, burial practices involved wrapping the dead in linens with spices, as seen in Jewish customs.

Resurrection stories were not common in Judaism, but the concept of a life after death did exist in various forms in several ancient cultures, such as the Egyptian belief in the afterlife.

However, the Christian concept of bodily resurrection as a victory over death was unique and formed a cornerstone of the faith.

Scientific Perspectives

While the verse does not directly intersect with scientific understandings, modern archeology and forensic science contribute to our understanding of ancient burial practices.

Scientific analysis of burial sites from the time can inform our comprehension of the verse by providing context to the mention of linen clothes and the empty tomb.

Commentaries

Various biblical commentators offer different perspectives on this passage.

Matthew Henry’s Commentary suggests that John's hesitation was due to a mixture of fear, reverence, and astonishment.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible posits that John’s quicker arrival yet slower entry into the tomb may indicate a younger, more agile disciple, but less bold than Peter.

These commentaries underscore the personal and impulsive nature of Peter's character compared to the beloved disciple's contemplative approach, providing a contrast between two authentic experiences of faith.