What does Matthew 28:20 mean?

Explanation

Matthew 28:20 is commonly referred to as part of the Great Commission, a directive that Jesus Christ gave to His disciples before His ascension into heaven.

In this verse, Jesus commands His disciples to teach new disciples to observe all the commandments He has given them.

The verse emphasizes Jesus' commitment to His followers, reassuring them that He would be with them always, even to the end of the age.

This can be taken both literally and metaphorically, suggesting that Jesus' presence would be felt through the Holy Spirit and His teachings throughout the forthcoming ages.

Historical Context

Matthew 28:20 was written as part of the Gospel of Matthew, which is widely accepted as being composed by Matthew, a tax collector and one of the twelve apostles.

The book was likely written between 70-110 AD. The Great Commission is the final instruction given by Jesus to His disciples after His resurrection and before His ascension.

Historically, this part of the Gospel records a time of transition where the disciples were tasked with spreading Christianity throughout the world and making disciples of all nations, marking the early beginning of Christian mission work.

Theological Insights

From a theological perspective, the verse carries weighty implications.

For many Christians, it is a promise of Jesus' perpetual presence and a missional mandate.

The presence of Jesus with the disciples , and, by extension, all Christians , is often interpreted as referencing the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.

Theologically, the term "end of the world" has been interpreted in various ways, from the literal end of the earth to the end of an era or age, such as the end of the Old Covenant and the full establishment of the New Covenant.

Practical Applications

In daily life, Matthew 28:20 inspires Christians to live in a way that honors Jesus’ teachings.

This verse serves as a reminder of the importance of discipleship, teaching, and learning within Christian communities.

Practically, it calls for a faithful representation of Jesus’ teachings in personal conduct, service to others, and engagement in teaching or mentoring roles.

The knowledge of Jesus' ongoing presence can provide comfort and strength during challenges.

Cross-References

• Matthew 28:19: "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost:"
• Hebrews 13:5: "... for he hath said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee."
• Acts 1:8: "But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth."

Language Study

The original Greek language provides additional layers to the text's understanding.

Notably, the term "observe" comes from the Greek "τηρέω" (tēreō), which implies guarding, following closely, or keeping without deviation.

Also, "commanded" is translated from "ἐντέλλομαι" (entellomai), suggesting authority in giving orders.

Additionally, "I am with you" in Greek is "ἐγώ εἰμι μεθ' ὑμῶν" (egō eimi meth' hymōn) and presents an emphatic statement offering reassurance.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

The inseparable presence of a deity is a common theme seen in various cultures and religions.

For example, in Hinduism, the concept of gods continually guiding and being present among followers is prevalent.

Similarly, in Ancient Greek mythology, gods frequently interacted with mortals.

Yet, the Christian view in Matthew 28:20 focuses uniquely on the spiritual presence of the risen Christ and the promise that this presence will endure until the end of the age.

Scientific Perspectives

While Matthew 28:20 does not offer specific commentary on scientific subjects, modern science does explore the influences of beliefs and teachings on human behavior and society.

Psychological studies show that a sense of a continual divine presence, similar to what Jesus promises, can have an impact on mental resilience and societal structures due to the shared values and moral teachings derived from religious traditions.

commentaries

Commentators on the Bible provide valuable insights into Matthew 28:20.

For example, Matthew Henry's Commentary highlights Jesus' promise as a comfort to the disciples in their great undertaking of spreading the Gospel.

William Barclay notes that Jesus' commission is coupled with His continuous presence, providing a sense of duty coupled with support.

Adam Clarke's Commentary focuses on the aspect of obedience to Christ's doctrines as a fundamental element of faith practice.

These varied expert interpretations underscore the multi-faceted dimensions of the verse and its implications for faith and action.