What does Matthew 7:6 mean?

Explanation

Matthew 7:6 is a verse from the Sermon on the Mount in which Jesus teaches his disciples principles for living a righteous life.

The verse metaphorically suggests that sacred things (what is holy) and valuables (pearls) should not be given to those who will neither appreciate nor understand their value (dogs and swine).

In a literal sense, dogs and pigs were considered unclean in Jewish culture, and pearls were of great value.

Symbolically, Jesus is cautioning against sharing the deep truths of the Gospel with those who are hostile or unreceptive to spiritual messages, as they might not only reject the teachings but also retaliate against those who share them.

Historical Context

The Sermon on the Mount is part of the Gospel of Matthew, which was written primarily for a Jewish audience.

During the time of Jesus, there were stringent Jewish laws concerning clean and unclean animals.

Dogs were scavengers and considered unclean, while pigs were forbidden to be eaten under kosher food laws.

The teaching here reflects an understanding of the societal norms and values of the time, which helped to vividly illustrate the message for the original audience.

Theological Insights

There are various theological interpretations of this verse.

From a traditional Christian perspective, it is seen as guidance on discretion and discernment in evangelism.

Some theologians suggest it reflects the need to protect the sacred from desecration. Others view it from an eschatological lens, signifying a future time when certain individuals will be separated for their rejection of the Gospel.

Practical Applications

In practical terms, this verse can encourage individuals to exercise discernment in sharing their beliefs or personal values.

It implies the importance of sharing with those who show a genuine interest or readiness to engage meaningfully, while being cautious with those who may be dismissive or hostile.

Cross-References

• Proverbs 9:7-8: "He that reproveth a scorner getteth to himself shame: and he that rebuketh a wicked man getteth himself a blot.

Reprove not a scorner, lest he hate thee: rebuke a wise man, and he will love thee."

• Proverbs 23:9: "Speak not in the ears of a fool: for he will despise the wisdom of thy words."
• Matthew 15:14: “Let them alone: they be blind leaders of the blind.

And if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the ditch.”

Language Study

The original Greek words used in the verse hold significant meaning:

• "Holy" (ἅγιον, hagion): something consecrated to God, sacred.
• "Dogs" (κυνάριοις, kynariois): typically a term of disdain, reflecting something impure.
• "Pearls" (μαργαρίτας, margaritas): a precious gem, indicating something of great value.
• "Swine" (χοίρων, choirōn): unclean animals in Jewish culture.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In many ancient cultures, pearls were symbols of wisdom and valuable insights.

Similarly, in religious texts outside the Bible, sacred teachings were often protected and not shared with those deemed unprepared or unworthy.

For example, in some Mystery Schools of Greece and Egypt, certain teachings were reserved for the initiated.

Scientific Perspectives

From a psychological standpoint, this verse could be understood in light of modern theories of communication.

It suggests a form of 'audience analysis' which considers the receptiveness of listeners before conveying a message, aligning with concepts found in social and communication sciences.

Commentaries

Various biblical scholars and theologians offer differing insights:

• John Calvin interpreted this as a warning against pointless teaching, suggesting that Jesus warns against teaching those who are hardened and hostile towards the message.
• Craig S.

Keener, in "The IVP Bible Background Commentary," notes that casting pearls to pigs would be an example of extravagant waste, as pigs would not appreciate them.

• William Barclay suggests the early Christian community may have needed guidance on when to withdraw from sharing the message of Jesus to avoid persecution and hostility.