What does Romans 6:18 mean?

Explanation

Romans 6:18 speaks to the transformation that occurs when an individual accepts the Christian faith and chooses to follow the teachings of Jesus Christ.

The verse emphasizes a change in allegiance from sin to righteousness.

This suggests that through the act of being "made free from sin," a person is no longer under the dominion or control of sin.

Instead, they have become "servants of righteousness," indicating a voluntary commitment to live in a way that is aligned with God’s moral standards.

The idea is not merely a change in behavior but in the very identity and nature of the individual who, according to Christian belief, is now empowered to live a righteous life through the help of the Holy Spirit.

Historical Context

Romans is a letter written by the Apostle Paul to the Christian church in Rome around AD 57.

The epistle's purpose was to explain the basics of the Christian faith and to address specific concerns and issues within the Roman church.

The first century Roman Empire was a melting pot of cultures and religious practices, many of which were polytheistic and valued various moral standards that differed from Jewish and Christian ethics.

In this context, Paul’s message about being freed from sin and becoming righteous would challenge societal norms and offer a distinct, transformational way of life.

Theological Insights

From the standpoint of Christian theology, Romans 6:18 encapsulates the doctrine of sanctification, the process by which believers are made holy through the work of the Holy Spirit.

This verse suggests that sanctification involves a break with sin and a dedication to righteousness, which are seen as two contrasting masters.

Theologically, this presents a view of salvation not just as a one-time event but as an ongoing journey of growth and dedication to God's will.

Different Christian denominations may interpret the scope and mechanism of this transformation somewhat differently.

Some may emphasize God’s sovereignty and grace in the process, while others stress human responsibility and obedience.

However, the common ground is the understanding that there is a real change in the life of a believer, which is both a gift from God and a response of the individual.

Practical Applications

In practical terms, this verse encourages individuals to live out their faith by resisting sin and seeking to do what is right according to Christian principles.

It suggests that freedom from sin is not merely about avoiding wrongdoing, but about becoming actively involved in pursuing good works and justice. This has applications in personal ethics, interpersonal relationships, business practices, and social justice.

Cross-References

• Romans 6:22 – "But now being made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life."
• John 8:32 – "And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free."
• 1 Peter 2:16 – "As free, and not using [your] liberty for a cloke of maliciousness, but as the servants of God."
• Galatians 5:1 – "Stand fast therefore in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free, and be not entangled again with the yoke of bondage."

Language Study

The original Greek for "made free" is "eleutheroō," which conveys the idea of being liberated or set free from something. In this context, it means being set free from the dominion of sin.

The term "servants" (douloi) often refers to slaves or bond-servants. In the New Testament context, it implies a chosen relationship of obedience and service to a new master, in this case, righteousness.

"Righteousness" (dikaiosynē) is a key concept in Paul's writings and represents a state of being right or just, particularly in alignment with God's standards and character.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of shifting allegiances from one patron deity to another would be somewhat familiar.

However, the Christian idea is distinct in its moral and ethical implications. In comparison to other ancient myths where deities often behave in ways that are not morally exemplary, the God of Christianity is seen as the ultimate standard of good.

Other religious systems may also have concepts of sin and purity, but the Christian perspective on being made free from sin through faith in Christ and subsequently becoming servants of righteousness is unique due to the emphasis on a personal relationship with God and the transformative power of the Holy Spirit.

Scientific Perspectives

The modern scientific understanding of human behavior recognizes the role of biological, psychological, and social factors in shaping an individual's actions.

While scientific perspectives do not typically speak to issues of sin and righteousness, the concept of change and transformation is widely acknowledged.

Research in neuroplasticity, for instance, suggests that human brains can change and adapt, which could be seen as a scientific parallel to the idea of personal transformation.

Commentaries

Biblical scholars and theologians have offered various interpretations of Romans 6:18.

Some emphasize the legal or forensic aspect of freedom, suggesting that it is like being acquitted in a court of law.

Others focus on the experiential aspect, arguing that the verse speaks to the felt experience of liberation from sin's power.

John Stott, a notable Christian scholar, speaks of this as a decisive change in status, not just in behavior.

F.F.

Bruce, another respected biblical commentator, notes the importance of recognizing the change in service from one master (sin) to another (righteousness), which reflects a profound shift in allegiance and moral orientation.