What does Acts 1:13 mean?

Explanation

Acts 1:13 recounts the gathering of the apostles in an upper room following Jesus' ascension into heaven.

This verse is part of the narrative that describes the events occurring between the ascension of Jesus and the day of Pentecost.

The verse lists the remaining eleven apostles by name.

This room is traditionally considered a place for them to live and meet in privacy and safety.

The mention of an upper room indicates not only a physical space but also suggests a place for preparation and prayer.

Since Judas Iscariot had betrayed Jesus and was no longer among them, the apostles were eleven in number until Matthias was chosen to replace Judas (Acts 1:26).

Historical Context

Acts 1:13 is set in Jerusalem during a time of great transition for the early Christian community.

Shortly before this event, Jesus had been crucified, resurrected, and ascended to heaven.

His followers were left to establish the church in a climate of political tension and religious uncertainty.

Jerusalem at the time was under Roman rule, and the Jewish authorities were often wary of new religious movements, which could be considered threatening to the established order.

Theological Insights

From a theological standpoint, this verse highlights the obedience and unity of the apostles.

They retreated to an upper room as instructed by Jesus ("in Jerusalem until ye be endued with power from on high" - Luke 24:49).

This gathering is significant because it sets the stage for the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, which is considered the birth of the church.

Furthermore, the apostles' decision to remain together is viewed as a reflection of their commitment and dedication to Jesus' teachings and mission.

Practical Applications

One practical application of Acts 1:13 is the importance of community and fellowship among believers.

The apostles gathered together in unity and purpose, emphasizing the need for modern Christians to seek communion with one another.

It serves as a reminder that spiritual preparation, often done in seclusion or with close company, is important before embarking on any significant mission or ministry.

Cross-References

• Luke 24:49: "And, behold, I send the promise of my Father upon you: but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high."
• Acts 1:26: "And they gave forth their lots; and the lot fell upon Matthias; and he was numbered with the eleven apostles."
• Acts 2:1-4: "And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place..."

Language Study

The key terms in the original Greek language are:

• ἀνέβησαν (anebēsan): Meaning "they went up," signifies the act of going upwards, which could imply a physical ascent to an upper room or a spiritual ascent in preparation for prayer and ministry.
• ὑπερῷον (hyperōion): Translated as "upper room," connotes an upper chamber or loft, typically used for privacy or special gatherings.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In other ancient cultures and religious practice, upper rooms or secluded spaces were often used for intimate gatherings or significant religious rites.

The use of a private upper chamber by the apostles parallels many cultural practices where significant events took place away from the public eye, symbolizing a degree of separation from the outside world.

Scientific Perspectives

There are no direct scientific perspectives related to this specific scripture.

The use of an upper room can be discussed from an architectural perspective, noting that upper rooms in ancient buildings often had the function of providing a quieter and more private space compared to the more public areas of the building.

commentaries

Biblical scholars and commentators have offered various insights on Acts 1:13:

• John Calvin: Calvin points to the unity and obedience of the apostles in their gathering, suggesting that they were being prepared by God for the mighty work of spreading the Gospel.
• Matthew Henry: Henry remarks on the significance of the apostles' prayerful waiting for the Holy Spirit, highlighting their patience and faithfulness.
• William Barclay: Barclay notes the importance of the apostles' communal living, as they shared everything in common, laying the foundation for the early Christian community's practices.