What does John 10:35 mean?

Explanation

In John 10:35, Jesus is engaging in a dialogue with the Jewish leaders who are accusing Him of blasphemy for claiming to be the Son of God.

In His defense, Jesus references Psalm 82:6, where the term "gods" is used to address human judges.

His argument implies that if human judges can be called "gods" in Scripture due to the divine authority given to them, then it is not blasphemous for Him, who is sanctified and sent by the Father, to be called the Son of God.

The phrase "and the scripture cannot be broken" is a strong affirmation of the authority and inerrancy of the Scriptures, suggesting that if this terminology is used in the Scriptures, it cannot be simply dismissed or contradicted.

Historical Context

The Gospel of John was written in a historical context where the early Christians were in conflict with the Jewish religious authorities.

John 10:35 is part of a larger narrative where Jesus is at the Feast of Dedication (Hanukkah) in Jerusalem.

The Jewish leaders are challenging Jesus' authority and identity.

By citing Psalm 82, Jesus draws from commonly accepted Jewish scripture to justify His claims, speaking to an audience that reveres the Torah and the writings of the prophets.

Theological Insights

The verse has been debated and interpreted variously within Christian theology.

Some see it as an affirmation of Jesus’ divinity and unique relationship with God the Father, suggesting a special elevation of Christ above any human. Others view it as a defense of the authority of Jesus' teaching, on par with the divinely ordained laws and prophecies of the Old Testament.

Additionally, the verse is often examined in discussions about the nature of Scripture, as Jesus implies that the Word of God is unbreakable and authoritative.

Practical Applications

"John 10:35" can be applied to reinforce the respect and adherence to biblical scripture in daily life.

It suggests that believers should regard the Bible as a foundational, infallible guide.

The verse also encourages followers of Christ to look to the example of Jesus when defending their faith, using the Scriptures with wisdom and authority.

Cross-References

• Psalm 82:6: "I have said, Ye are gods; and all of you are children of the most High."
• John 5:39: "Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me."
• 2 Timothy 3:16: "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness."
• Matthew 5:17-18: "Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil."

Language Study

In the original Greek text, the word translated as "gods" is "theoi," which can refer to deity or divinity in a general sense.

The term "logos" (word) indicates the message or revelation from God. When Jesus states that scripture "cannot be broken," the term for "broken" is "lythēnai," suggesting that it cannot be dissolved, dismissed, or proven false.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

The concept of multiple divine beings or figures with god-like status can be found in various ancient cultures, such as the pantheons of Greek and Roman mythology.

However, in the context of Psalm 82 (which Jesus is quoting), the term "gods" represents human judges, indicating an Israelite understanding that divine authority can be invested in human roles.

This verse stands in contrast to the polytheistic views of surrounding nations by emphasizing a unique authority given by the one true God.

Scientific Perspectives

John 10:35 does not directly engage with scientific topics, as it is primarily concerned with theological and moral authority.

However, one may explore the broader relationship between science and religion when considering the verse's claim to the authority of scripture.

Discussions might touch upon how religious texts coexist with scientific discoveries and rational inquiry, though such debates go beyond the immediate scope of the verse.

Commentaries

Commentators often focus on the intense dialogue between Jesus and the Jewish leaders.

Many agree that Jesus' use of Psalm 82:6 is a clever rhetorically defensive move.

Some commentators note that by saying the scripture "cannot be broken," Jesus is emphasizing not only the reliability and divine origin of scripture but also its eternal relevance.

Commentators also often explore the larger Christological implications of this passage, discussing its impact on the understanding of the nature of Christ and His mission.

Additionally, the church fathers, like Augustine or Chrysostom, found in this verse a strong defense of the divine inspiration and interpretative integrity of Scripture.