What does John 16:28 mean?

Explanation

John 16:28 is a statement made by Jesus Christ to His disciples, as recorded in the Gospel of John.

In this verse, Jesus succinctly outlines the trajectory of His existence in relation to the world and His Father.

He states that He came into the world from the Father, which refers to His divine preexistence and incarnation.

Jesus acknowledges His mission on earth, which was to reveal God to humanity and provide redemption through His teachings, life, death, and resurrection.

Furthermore, He talks about leaving the world and returning to the Father, indicating His forthcoming departure from the physical realm through His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension.

This verse encapsulates the Christian concept of the Son's procession from the Father, His incarnation, and His eventual glorification and return to the Father.

Historical Context

John 16:28 is part of what is often referred to as the Farewell Discourse, which occurs after the Last Supper and before Jesus' arrest.

This was a private conversation between Jesus and His disciples where He prepared them for His impending death and departure.

The discourse is thought to have taken place around 33 AD in Jerusalem, possibly in an upper room or elsewhere in the city after the Passover meal.

During this time, Roman occupation dominated the historical landscape of Judea, and Jewish messianic expectations were high.

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John's account was written at a time when the early Christian community sought to understand the nature of Christ, His relationship with God the Father, and the implications of His life and teachings.

Theological Insights

Different theological viewpoints interpret this verse in the light of Christology, Soteriology, and Trinitarian theology.

• Christology: This concerns the person and work of Jesus Christ.

The verse supports the concept of Jesus' preexistence and affirms His divine nature as He originated from the Father.

• Soteriology: This examines the doctrine of salvation.

The verse hints at Jesus' role in human redemption, as His coming into the world has a purpose tied to the deliverance of humanity.

• Trinitarian theology: It reflects on the nature of the relationship between Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

The verse supports the idea of the Trinity by showing the distinct persons and the relationality within the Godhead.

Different denominations may have varied interpretations, but generally, this verse is foundational to the Christian understanding of the incarnation and salvation narrative.

Practical Applications

John 16:28 can be applied in daily life in several ways:

• Understanding one's purpose: Like Jesus’ sense of mission, individuals are encouraged to discern their life’s purpose.
• Trust in divine providence: Trusting that just as Jesus had a divine guide back to the Father, the faithful have guidance in their lives.
• Acceptance of life's transitions: Embracing the different phases of life, including difficult departures or changes, knowing there is a divine plan.

Cross-References

• John 3:13: "And no man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man which is in heaven."
• John 8:42: "Jesus said unto them, If God were your Father, ye would love me: for I proceeded forth and came from God; neither came I of myself, but he sent me."
• John 17:5: "And now, O Father, glorify thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was."
• John 14:12: "Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also; and greater works than these shall he do; because I go unto my Father."

Language Study

In the original Greek text of John 16:28:

• "came forth" (ἐξῆλθον, exēlthon): Aorist indicative, suggesting a definitive action.
• "Father" (πατρός, patros): Father here references God the Father, acknowledging a familial and generative relationship.
• "world" (κόσμον, kosmon): This is indicative of the orderly, human-populated earth.

An understanding of these Greek terms can deepen the comprehension of Jesus' words, particularly regarding His origin, mission, and destination.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

• Jesus' statement of descending from a divine realm is observed in several religious traditions, such as the avatars in Hinduism where a deity comes to earth for specific reasons.
• The concept of a divine being returning to a celestial abode is similar to ascension myths found in various ancient cultures, including Greco-Roman and Egyptian mythologies.

Scientific Perspectives

From a scientific viewpoint, this verse does not provide empirical data or align with scientific theories.

However, it reflects the human need to understand existence and purpose, themes that are sometimes addressed in the dialogue between science and religion, particularly when discussing the origin and meaning of life.

Commentaries

• Matthew Henry's Commentary: Henry highlights Jesus' role as mediator and the comfort this verse offers in reaffirming Jesus' divine mission and the promise of His continuous presence through the Holy Spirit.
• Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers: This commentary suggests that this verse showcases the perfect knowledge of Jesus about His origin and destiny, and emphasizes His obedience to the Father’s will.
• Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary: These scholars posit that the verse asserts Jesus' divine nature and pre-existence, noting that His life on earth was a temporary mission with a focus on returning to the Father.