What does Matthew 11:18 mean?

Explanation

Matthew 11:18 presents a statement about John the Baptist and the reaction of the people to his lifestyle and ministry.

John was known for his ascetic life; he did not participate in the usual eating and drinking customs of the society because he had taken a Nazarite vow, which included abstinence from wine and other fermented drinks.

The verse indicates that despite John's self-denial and holiness, people still criticized him, unjustly saying that he had a "devil" or was demon-possessed.

This accusation was likely due to his austere lifestyle, which was markedly different from the norm, and possibly his intense message of repentance.

This reflects a broader theme in the Gospels where neither Jesus (who came eating and drinking) nor John the Baptist could please the religious authorities or the expectations of the people.

Historical Context

The context of this verse is Jesus' response to the skepticism and criticism that both He and John the Baptist faced from their contemporaries.

The historical setting of first-century Judea was immersed in various religious, political, and social tensions.

John the Baptist's asceticism was part of a broader tradition among Jewish sects that practiced strict piety and separation from normal society to achieve spiritual purity.

His lifestyle and baptism were a prophetic sign of repentance and preparation for the coming Messiah.

Theological Insights

Theologically, this verse can be seen through different lenses: 1.

It points to the unfounded judgments people can make toward those who are different or who challenge social norms. 2.

It reflects the reality of rejection and misunderstanding that often comes with prophetic ministry or radical lifestyles. 3.

From a Christological perspective, it contrasts the reception of John's and Jesus' ministries, showing that neither extreme asceticism nor full participation in society could satisfy critics. 4.

This verse also demonstrates human fickleness and the impossibility of meeting everyone's expectations.

Practical Applications

In practical terms, the verse instructs believers to: 1.

Avoid making snap judgments based on appearances or societal norms. 2.

Stand firm in their convictions even in the face of criticism or misunderstanding. 3.

Understand that ,upright actions will not always be met with approval. 4.

Accept that following God's call may lead to false accusations or rejection.

Cross-References

• Luke 7:33: "For John the Baptist came neither eating bread nor drinking wine; and ye say, He hath a devil."
• Matthew 3:4: "And the same John had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins; and his meat was locusts and wild honey."
• Matthew 11:19: "The Son of man came eating and drinking, and they say, Behold a man gluttonous, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners.

But wisdom is justified of her children."

• John 10:20: "And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?"

Language Study

The key phrase in Greek for "eating nor drinking" is οὔτε ἐσθίων οὔτε πίνων (oute esthiōn oute pinōn), which literally translates to "neither eating nor drinking." This emphasizes John's abstention from normal dietary practices.

The term "devil" in Greek is δαιμόνιον (daimonion), which was commonly used to describe evil spirits or demons influencing or inhabiting individuals. The use of this word reflects the severe and mistaken character judgment made by the people about John.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In the context of other religious traditions, figures like John the Baptist with ascetic lifestyles can be found throughout history.

For instance, in Hinduism, there are sadhus who renounce worldly life for spiritual practice.

In Buddhism, the historical Buddha began his quest for enlightenment with a period of extreme asceticism, although he later advocated for a Middle Way.

Scientific Perspectives

From a modern scientific perspective, the verse doesn't directly relate to scientific concepts but does touch upon the topic of mental health.

Today, claims such as "He hath a devil" might be interpreted as addressing mental health issues rather than possession.

This shows an evolution in understanding psychological conditions versus demonization in ancient times.

Commentaries

Commentaries often highlight the irony in the people's rejection of both John and Jesus, pointing out the unreasonable expectations and the hardness of the people's hearts.

For instance, Matthew Henry's Commentary suggests that the differing approaches of John and Jesus – one austere, the other sociable – demonstrate that it is the message of repentance and the kingdom, not the lifestyle of the messenger, that provokes opposition.

John Calvin's Commentary indicates that such criticisms are rooted in disdain for God's word.

Modern commentaries continue to explore the theme of rejection faced by God's messengers and the implications for contemporary Christian ministry.