What does Philippians 1:22 mean?

Explanation

Philippians 1:22 presents the apostle Paul reflecting on the choice between living in the flesh, that is, continuing his earthly life, and departing to be with Christ, which he views as far better (Philippians 1:23).

In the essence of this verse, Paul sees the value and fruitful labor in continuing to live.

However, he is torn because he also acknowledges a personal desire to be with Christ, which he views as more advantageous for himself.

Thus, the statement "yet what I shall choose I wot not" expresses his indecision or uncertainty about this dilemma, not because he gets to choose his fate, but as an expression of his inner conflict between two desirable outcomes: continuing his ministry on Earth or experiencing eternal communion with Christ.

Historical Context

This verse is part of a letter written by Paul to the church in Philippi.

Philippi was a Roman colony in Macedonia, and the church there was established by Paul on his second missionary journey.

The letter to the Philippians was written while Paul was in prison, likely in Rome, around AD 62.

The historical context of Paul's incarceration shapes the content of his letter, as he grapples with the possibility of his execution and reflects on the meaning of life, death, and service to Christ.

Theological Insights

From a theological perspective, this verse delves into the Christian understanding of life and death.

It considers earthly life as an opportunity for fruitful labor in God's service, while death is seen not as an end but a beginning of a more profound experience with Christ.

This reflects Paul's theology of the resurrection and the afterlife – for him, to die is to gain (Philippians 1:21).

Additionally, it emphasizes the Christian tension between serving others in this world and the personal longing for heavenly fellowship.

Practical Applications

Philippians 1:22 encourages Christian believers to recognize the value of life and the opportunities it presents for meaningful work and service.

It prompts reflection on personal desires versus the benefits of one's labor to others.

It also serves as a reminder to believers to evaluate their priorities and commitments, understanding the importance of both living a purpose-driven life and the ultimate hope of eternal life.

Cross-References

• Philippians 1:21 - "For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain."
• 2 Timothy 4:6-8 - Paul discusses his impending death as a departure and looks forward to his reward.
• Galatians 2:20 - Paul talks about living by faith in the Son of God who loved him.
• Romans 14:7-8 - "For none of us liveth to himself, and no man dieth to himself."

Language Study

The key phrase in the original Greek of Philippians 1:22 is "τί αἱρήσομαι οὐ γνωρίζω" (ti hairésomai ou gnōrízō), where:

• "τί" (ti) translates to "what."
• "αἱρήσομαι" (hairésomai) is the future indicative middle of "αἱρέομαι" (hairéomai), meaning "I will choose" or "I shall choose."
• "οὐ γνωρίζω" (ou gnōrízō) comes from "γινώσκω" (ginóskó), a common Greek verb for knowing or understanding.

Adding "οὐ" (ou), the negation, translates to "I do not know." Paul's use of "οὐ γνωρίζω" conveys a strong statement of uncertainty or unknowing.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Ancient philosophers, like the Stoics, reflected on the value of living a virtuous life versus the release of death.

Similarly, Paul's reflections can be compared to other religious ideologies that balance the value of life with the desire for an afterlife or union with a divine entity.

In Buddhism, for instance, while the physical existence is viewed as a cycle of suffering, there is also a focus on the fulfillment of duties and reaching enlightenment.

Scientific Perspectives

Modern science generally does not comment on the afterlife, as it falls outside the realm of empirical study and more into metaphysics.

However, the contemplation of mortality, such as Paul's in this verse, influences psychological studies on how humans process the concept of death, cope with existential questions, and find meaning in life.

Commentaries

Biblical scholars and theologians offer various commentaries on Philippians 1:22:

• Some see it as a reflection of Paul's genuine human struggle, mirroring the Christian experience of life's hardships counterbalanced by the hope of salvation.
• Others highlight Paul's deep love and sense of duty to the church, expressing his willingness to endure suffering for the sake of others' spiritual growth.
• Some commentaries focus on the eschatological implications of Paul's words, discussing how they relate to Christian doctrines of resurrection and eternal life.