What does Romans 15:4 mean?

Explanation

Romans 15:4 emphasizes the importance of the Old Testament writings for Christian believers.

Paul, the author of Romans, tells his readers that the Scriptures were written for a purpose: to instruct and to give hope.

By "whatsoever things were written aforetime," he refers to the entirety of the Hebrew Scriptures, which Christians call the Old Testament.

This includes historical accounts, laws, prophecies, psalms, and wisdom literature.

The phrase "for our learning" indicates that these Scriptures are not just historical documents but are meant to actively educate and shape the lives of believers.

"Patience" and "comfort of the scriptures" suggest that the Scriptures can provide encouragement and sustenance in times of struggle, allowing believers to endure through difficulties.

Ultimately, these lead to "hope," a central theme in Christian doctrine, pointing towards a future grounded in God's promises.

Historical Context

The epistle to the Romans was written by the Apostle Paul around AD 57.

It was addressed to a mixed community of Jewish and Gentile believers in Rome. The Roman church was not founded by Paul but he wrote to them to impart some apostolic teaching and to address issues within the church.

The verse in question, therefore, should be understood in the context of Paul's overarching goal, which was to promote unity and understanding between Jewish and Gentile Christians.

He reminds his readers of the value of the Old Testament, which was the only 'Bible' the early church had at the time, for providing a foundation in their faith and for living a life pleasing to God.

Theological Insights

From a Christian theological perspective, Romans 15:4 upholds the continuity and importance of the Old Testament in the Christian faith. It underscores the idea that God's revelation is progressive and that the teachings from the past are valuable for present and future generations.

Some perspectives see this verse as a validation of the usefulness of the Old Testament for teaching Christian doctrine and moral instruction, while others use it to advocate for typological interpretations, wherein events from the Old Testament are viewed as foreshadowing New Testament events and teachings about Jesus Christ.

Practical Applications

The practical application of Romans 15:4 lies in its encouragement to engage with and find inspiration in the Scriptures.

This can be done through regular Bible study, meditation on biblical passages, and seeking to apply the principles found in Scripture to everyday life.

Patience, comfort, and hope as virtues are cultivated through an understanding that God's dealings with His people in the past carry relevance and encouragement for present situations.

Cross-References

• 2 Timothy 3:16 - "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness."
• 1 Corinthians 10:11 - "Now all these things happened unto them for ensamples: and they are written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come."
• Psalm 119:50 - "This is my comfort in my affliction: for thy word hath quickened me."

Language Study

The phrase "whatsoever things were written aforetime" comes from the Greek "ὅσα προεγράφη," with "ὅσα" meaning "whatever" or "whatsoever," and "προεγράφη" being a form of the verb "prographo," meaning "to write beforehand." This is indicative of texts that were written down before the time of the audience.

The Greek words for "patience" and "comfort" are "ὑπομονῆς" (hypomonēs) and "παράκλησιν" (paraklēsin), respectively, which suggest endurance and solace or encouragement that come through engaging with Scripture.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Within the Jewish tradition, the importance of the Scriptures (the Tanakh) is similarly emphasized for learning and living a righteous life.

The idea that ancient writings have ongoing relevance is a common theme across various religious traditions, such as the study of the Vedas in Hinduism or the reverence for the Quran in Islam.

In contrast, some ancient myths might be treated more as cultural artifacts rather than living texts with direct educational application for today's adherents.

Scientific Perspectives

This verse does not directly intersect with scientific perspectives as it deals mainly with spiritual teaching and the use of historical religious texts for moral and theological education.

However, the role patience plays in dealing with life's challenges is supported by psychological research on resilience and coping strategies.

Additionally, comfort from community and sacred texts is a subject of interest in studies on religious practice and mental health.

Commentaries

Bible scholars and theologians offer various interpretations of Romans 15:4.

John Stott sees this verse as emphasizing the endurance and encouragement that come from Scripture, providing believers with hope.

F.F.

Bruce notes the educational role of the Old Testament for Christians, highlighting its contribution to Christian moral teaching.

Matthew Henry's commentary speaks of the patience and comfort from the Scriptures leading to a hope of eternal life, a sentiment echoed in many evangelical commentaries which underscore the eternal promises found in the Bible.