What does Hebrews 13:5 mean?

Explanation

This verse from the Book of Hebrews is an exhortation to the readers to live a life free from the love of money or material possessions.

It encourages believers to be content with what they have instead of striving for more in a material sense.

The latter part of the verse invokes the promise of God's continual presence, offering reassurance that believers are not alone and that God's provision and companionship are sufficient for their needs.

The underlying message is one of trust in God's faithfulness to provide and His unending support, thereby dissuading worries about material insufficiency.

Historical Context

Hebrews 13:5 is part of a letter written to Jewish Christians, likely in the first century A.D., who were experiencing hardships, which may have included persecution and social ostracism.

The author of Hebrews is not definitively known, though Paul, Luke, Barnabas, and others have been suggested.

This verse reflects a cultural backdrop in which there might have been a temptation to revert to old religious practices or to secure one's life through wealth, due to the uncertainties faced by early Christians.

The letter seeks to strengthen the resolve of these believers, presenting Jesus Christ as superior to the old covenant and therefore as the reason to remain steadfast in faith.

Theological Insights

The verse reflects several theological viewpoints.

From a Christian perspective, the reference to God never leaving nor forsaking the believer is seen as a fulfillment of Old Testament promises, now realized fully in the New Covenant relationship through Jesus Christ.

Liberation theology might emphasize the verse's call towards simplicity and away from the covetousness which often leads to social injustices.

Prosperity theology might focus on the notion of contentment with God's provision as a form of spiritual wealth.

Reformed theology would stress the sovereignty of God in providing for His people, highlighting divine faithfulness.

Practical Applications

This verse advises individuals to resist the constant pursuit of wealth and to find satisfaction in what they already possess, fostering a spirit of gratitude.

It provides comfort in times of material lack, suggesting that the believer's relationship with God and His promise is more valuable than any temporary material gain.

Additionally, it invites reflection on priorities and promotes a lifestyle that values spiritual over material wealth, which can lead to more generous and ethical living.

Cross-References

• Deuteronomy 31:6 , "Be strong and of a good courage, fear not, nor be afraid of them: for the Lord thy God, he it is that doth go with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee."
• Matthew 6:25 , "Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on.

Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment?"

• 1 Timothy 6:6-8 , "But godliness with contentment is great gain.

For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out.

And having food and raiment let us be therewith content."

• Philippians 4:11-13 , "Not that I speak in respect of want: for I have learned, in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be content."

Language Study

In the original Greek used in this passage, significant words include:

• "Conversation" (αναστροφή - anastrophē) which here refers to behavior or way of life, rather than simply speech.
• "Without covetousness" (αφιλαργυρος - aphilarguros) literally means "free from the love of money."
• "I will never leave thee" (ου μη σε ανω - ou mē se anō) comprising a strong double negative in Greek, emphasizing the certainty of God's perpetual presence with the believer.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In other ancient religions, contentment could also be a virtue.

For instance, Stoic philosophy emphasized self-sufficiency and equanimity which aligns in some ways with the contentment described in this verse.

Likewise, Buddhism teaches non-attachment to material possessions.

However, this verse is distinct in its grounding in the personal, relational promise of God's presence, which is a central tenet of Christianity rather than a mere philosophical ideal or pathway to enlightenment.

Scientific Perspectives

While this verse does not directly interact with scientific concepts, modern psychology supports the idea that contentment can lead to healthier mental states.

Studies on happiness often show that after basic needs are met, additional wealth contributes little to overall contentment and well-being.

The emphasis on relational assurances over material accumulation can also be seen as aligned with psychological insights into human fulfillment and connection.

Commentaries

Commentators on this verse generally agree on its call for contentment and its warning against covetousness.

Matthew Henry's commentary, for instance, notes that "Covetousness is a sin that has many branches," and Commends the virtue of contentment.

John Gill highlights the "repeated negative" in the Greek, indicating the strongest assurance of God's unchanging presence with his people.

Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown emphasize the connection between freedom from the love of money and the ability to be content, framing it as a guard against avarice and ambition.