What does Matthew 10:9 mean?

Explanation

Matthew 10:9 is a directive from Jesus to His disciples as He sends them out on a mission to preach and heal.

In this verse, Christ instructs the disciples not to carry money in their belts ("purses" in some translations) for their journey.

This command is often interpreted literally, to mean that Jesus wanted His disciples to travel light, without the burden of financial resources.

On a deeper level, it suggests a reliance on God's provision and the hospitality of those who would receive them and their message.

It conveys a sense of urgency and simplicity in their mission, emphasizing trust in God over material preparations.

Historical Context

The verse is part of the narrative in the Gospel of Matthew when Jesus is commissioning the twelve apostles before sending them to preach to the lost sheep of Israel.

During this time, it was common for Jewish rabbis to have disciples.

Traveling preachers or philosophers may have depended on the support of patrons or carried money for their journeys.

By instructing His disciples to take no money, Jesus deviated from this cultural practice, possibly to differentiate His ministry from others and to highlight the importance of faith and the support of the community.

Theological Insights

From a theological standpoint, Matthew 10:9 can be understood in various ways.

Some view it as an example of radical dependence on God.

It could also be seen as emphasizing the value of spiritual wealth over material wealth.

Alternatively, liberation theologians might interpret the verse as a call to live in solidarity with the poor.

This passage challenges believers to consider what discipleship requires and how God’s kingdom is advanced, not by earthly riches, but by faith and obedience.

Practical Applications

The teachings of this verse can be applied in daily life by inspiring individuals to reflect on their dependence on material possessions and to consider the value of spiritual richness and community support.

It encourages believers to prioritize their mission and message over material security and to trust in God's provision.

It is also a prompt for hospitality and generosity, as the disciples would rely on the welcoming and giving nature of others.

Cross-References

• Luke 9:3: "And he said unto them, Take nothing for your journey, neither staves, nor scrip, neither bread, neither money; neither have two coats apiece."
• Luke 10:4: "Carry neither purse, nor scrip, nor shoes: and salute no man by the way."
• Acts 20:33-34: "I have coveted no man's silver, or gold, or apparel.

Yea, ye yourselves know, that these hands have ministered unto my necessities, and to them that were with me."

• 2 Corinthians 12:14: "Behold, the third time I am ready to come to you; and I will not be burdensome to you: for I seek not yours, but you: for the children ought not to lay up for the parents, but the parents for the children."

Language Study

The original Greek language provides some nuance to the key words in Matthew 10:9.

The words translated as "gold," "silver," and "brass" (or "money") are "chrusion" (χρυσίον), "argurion" (ἀργύριον), and "chalkos" (χαλκός) respectively.

"Chrusion" often refers to gold in the form of coins or gold objects, and "argurion" similarly denotes silver coins or currency.

"Chalkos" can mean copper or bronze and by extension, small change or lesser coinage.

The term for "purses" is "zonas" (ζώνας), which can also be belts, sashes, or money belts where people commonly carried their currency.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Comparisons with other ancient religions and myths may reveal similar themes of reliance on divine provision or the encouragement of a communal support system.

For example, various ascetic practices in religions like Buddhism also advocate for minimalism and living without attachment to material wealth.

The Christian idea of itinerant preachers who depend on the hospitality of others is not unique to Christianity, but Jesus' emphasis on the kingdom of God sets His teaching apart.

Scientific Perspectives

The scientific perspective might focus on the psychology behind Jesus’ instruction.

Research in positive psychology has noted that heightened materialism can be linked to lower well-being.

From this viewpoint, the verse points toward a lifestyle that reduces stress associated with wealth accumulation and instead promotes community support and shared resources.

Commentaries

Commentators of the Bible have different takes on Matthew 10:9.

Some commentators, like Matthew Henry, view this verse as a call to the apostles to abandon all thoughts of outward gains and worldly advantages when preaching the gospel.

Other scholars, like Adam Clarke, highlight the importance of faith and reliance on Providence that Jesus is teaching His disciples.

Similarly, William Barclay notes the necessity of simplicity and readiness in the service of God by pointing to the urgency and the nature of the work the disciples were sent to do, which transcended material concerns.