What does John 17:9 mean?

Explanation

John 17:9 is part of what is commonly known as the High Priestly Prayer, which Jesus Christ offers shortly before his betrayal and crucifixion. In this particular verse, Jesus makes a distinction between praying for his immediate followers (the disciples) and the world in general.

The phrase "them which thou hast given me" refers to the disciples, who are seen as a special group entrusted to Jesus by God the Father. The mention of "for they are thine" underscores the idea that Jesus' followers belong to God and are under His divine ownership.

This verse is often interpreted to reflect Jesus' specific concern and protective care for his disciples in the face of upcoming trials and the broader mission they would undertake after his death and resurrection.

Historical Context

John 17:9 is found within the Gospel of John, traditionally believed to have been written towards the end of the first century A.D.

This prayer occurs after the Last Supper and before Jesus' arrest.

During this time, Jesus is preparing his disciples for his departure from the world.

The historical context is one of both intimate fellowship among Jesus and his disciples and the impending crisis of Jesus' suffering and crucifixion.

Theological Insights

From a theological standpoint, this verse underlines the relationship between Jesus, the Father, and the disciples.

It suggests a unique and particular care Jesus has for his chosen ones, distinct from the world at large.

This verse is a source of much theological reflection:

• Particularism vs. Universalism: It has instigated debates on the particularistic nature of Christ's prayers and mission versus a universalistic interpretation of salvation for all.
• Intercessory Prayer: The verse supports the concept of Jesus as an intercessor who prays to God on behalf of the believers.
• Election: The idea of being "given" by the Father to the Son is reflective of themes of divine election and predestination found elsewhere in the Bible.
• The Role of Believers: It also speaks to the role and identity of believers as belonging to God, which carries implications for their mission and way of being in the world.

Practical Applications

In terms of application, believers today may find in this verse:

• Assurance of Christ's specific care and prayers for them, leading to comfort during personal trials.
• Inspiration to prioritize nurturing relationships within the Christian community.
• Motivation to uphold the mission and unity of the church as being of utmost importance.
• Encouragement to pray for one another, following Jesus' example of intercession.

Cross-References

• John 6:37 - "All that the Father giveth me shall come to me; and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out."
• John 10:29 - "My Father, which gave them me, is greater than all; and no man is able to pluck them out of my Father's hand."
• John 17:11 - "And now I am no more in the world, but these are in the world, and I come to thee.

Holy Father, keep through thine own name those whom thou hast given me, that they may be one, as we are."

Language Study

In the original Greek:

• "I pray" (ἐρωτῶ - erōtō): This word conveys a deep request or petition, indicating a solemn or earnest appeal.
• "World" (κόσμος - kosmos): This term can mean the physical world, but often, as likely in this verse, it denotes humanity in its state of alienation from God.
• "Given" (δέδωκας - dedōkas): This is the perfect active indicative form of "to give," indicating an action completed in the past with effects continuing into the present.
• "Thine" (σοί - soi): Singular dative case of "you," referring to God the Father and indicating possession.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

The concept of an intercessory figure is not unique to Christianity.

In various cultures and religions, intermediaries between humanity and the divine play crucial roles.

Ancient myths often feature demi-gods or heroes who mediate between the gods and humanity.

In Judaism, Moses serves as an intercessor between God and the Israelites.

However, in Christianity, Jesus' role as intercessor is unique in that he is both divine and human and intercedes from within the Godhead.

Scientific Perspectives

John 17:9 does not directly engage with scientific subject matter as it addresses spiritual, rather than natural, concepts.

However, the scientific community has explored the psychological and social impact of prayer and belief in intercession. Studies in the psychology of religion may examine the effects of prayer on wellbeing and group cohesion, relevant to the themes of Jesus' intercessory prayer for his disciples.

Commentaries

Biblical scholars and theologians have provided various insights on this verse:

• **D.A.

Carson**: Emphasizes the selectivity of Jesus' prayer, reinforcing the theological point that Jesus is preparing to die for the sins of the elect, not universally.

• William Barclay: Notes that while Jesus prays specifically for his disciples here, he also includes the wider world in his redemptive plan, seen in John 17:20-21, where Jesus prays for future believers.
• Matthew Henry: Points out that Jesus shows special concern for his disciples, whom God has given him, affirming that their welfare and preservation are a primary concern as they will carry the gospel to the world.