What does John 21:23 mean?

Explanation

John 21:23 addresses a misunderstanding among early Christian disciples about the fate of one of their own, traditionally understood to be the Apostle John.

The verse clarifies that Jesus did not say John would never die, but rather, if Jesus willed for John to remain alive until His second coming, this should not concern the other disciples.

The phrase "if I will that he tarry till I come" signifies Jesus emphasizing His authority over life, death, and the mission of His followers.

The verse reminds readers of the importance of focusing on their own faith journey, rather than becoming preoccupied with God's plan for others.

Historical Context

John 21 is believed to have been written toward the end of the first century, at a time when the early Christian community was dealing with persecution, internal debates, and misunderstandings about Jesus' teachings.

The Gospel of John often addresses issues pertinent to the Johannine community, such as the expected return of Jesus.

The mistaken belief that the beloved disciple would not die could have arisen from a misinterpretation of Jesus’ words during the Last Supper or afterward, as recorded in the Gospel.

Theological Insights

Theologically, this verse speaks to the sovereignty of Jesus Christ over the lives of His disciples and His return.

While some envision this as a statement about the second coming of Christ, others view it as a broader indication of divine will and the various missions that individuals may have within the Christian faith.

This verse is sometimes used to discuss eschatological beliefs, the study of the end times, and the anticipation of Jesus' return.

Practical Applications

In practical terms, John 21:23 encourages individuals not to be overly concerned with the destinies or roles of others but to focus on their own spiritual responsibilities.

It's a reminder of humility and trust in divine wisdom, acknowledging that God has different plans for each person.

Christians are often reminded through this verse to avoid speculation about end times and to live in a state of readiness for Christ's return, whenever that may be.

Cross-References

• John 13:36: "Simon Peter said unto him, Lord, whither goest thou? Jesus answered him, Whither I go, thou canst not follow me now; but thou shalt follow me afterwards."
• Matthew 16:27-28: "For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works.

Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom."

• 1 Thessalonians 5:2: "For yourselves know perfectly that the day of the Lord so cometh as a thief in the night."

Language Study

In the original Greek, "μένω" (menō), translated as "tarry" or "remain," carries the meaning of abiding or dwelling continuously.

The phrase "εἰ θέλω" (ei thelō), which is translated as "If I will," reflects a conditional desire or choice, indicating Jesus' authority to decide the fate of His disciples. "ἕως ἔρχομαι" (heōs erchomai), "till I come," suggests a future event or arrival, often associated with Christ's second coming.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In various religions and cultures, there are mythological figures and concepts similar to the idea of a certain person being chosen to live until a significant future event.

For example, in Jewish legends, the character of Elijah the prophet is said to have been taken to heaven without dying and will return before the coming of the Messiah.

In some interpretations of Buddhist and Hindu cosmology, certain enlightened beings can choose to remain on Earth to help others achieve enlightenment.

Scientific Perspectives

While science does not address prophetic or eschatological claims, it does study the psychological phenomena associated with beliefs about the end times or the extraordinary longevity of individuals.

Cultural anthropology and psychology might explore how such beliefs affect societal structures and individual behaviors, offering insights into the ways in which these beliefs shape human communities and conceptions of time and mortality.

commentaries

Commentary on this verse varies among biblical scholars.

Some emphasize its eschatological implications, suggesting that the early Christians genuinely expected Jesus' imminent return and had to grapple with the implications as the first generation of believers began to pass away.

Others focus on the correction of a potential rumor within the Johannine community, that the beloved disciple was immortal.

Most commentators agree that the verse is a caution against speculation on divine matters and an exhortation to faithfulness irrespective of Jesus' timing for the end of days.