What does Luke 12:33 mean?

Explanation

The verse Luke 12:33, "Sell that ye have, and give alms; provide yourselves bags which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens that faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither moth corrupteth," is a directive from Jesus to His followers to prioritize spiritual wealth over material possessions.

It calls for followers of Jesus to divest themselves of their earthly goods in order to benefit the poor (give alms) and to invest in treasures that last eternally.

This verse emphasizes an attitude of detachment from physical wealth and a commitment to acts of charity, that would contribute to one's treasures in heaven which are imperishable and safe from earthly threats like thieves or decay.

Historical Context

Luke 12:33 is situated within a segment where Jesus is instructing his disciples and a gathered crowd on how to live a life that is well-pleasing to God.

The first century was a time of great economic disparity, with a vast difference between the wealthy and the poor.

In this context, Jesus' teaching radically called for a divestiture of wealth that ran counter to the cultural norms of the time which included accumulation of wealth for social status and security.

Theological Insights

Different theological perspectives interpret this verse in varying ways.

A literal perspective might see this as a call for actual poverty and reliance on God.

Liberation theology would view it as an imperative for Christians to act against economic injustices.

Prosperity theology might deemphasize the literal selling of everything but focus more on the generosity aspect.

Each viewpoint acknowledges the value of storing treasure in heaven rather than on earth, but they differ on what constitutes 'treasure' and how it is to be accumulated.

Practical Applications

This verse can inspire believers to re-evaluate their relationship with material possessions, encouraging them to live more simply, and to share resources with those in need.

It also invites Christians to consider how they are investing in their spiritual lives and the well-being of others, as opposed to acquiring temporary, material wealth.

Cross-References

• Matthew 6:19-21: "Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal: But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not break through nor steal: For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also."
• 1 Timothy 6:17-19: "Charge them that are rich in this world, that they be not highminded, nor trust in uncertain riches, but in the living God, who giveth us richly all things to enjoy; That they do good, that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to communicate; Laying up in store for themselves a good foundation against the time to come, that they may lay hold on eternal life."
• Proverbs 19:17: "He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord; and that which he hath given will he pay him again."
• Acts 2:44-45: "And all that believed were together, and had all things common; And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need."

Language Study

Key terms in the original Greek include:

• "Sell" (πωλήσατε, pōlēsate): This is a straightforward command to sell or exchange something owned.
• "Give alms" (ἐλεημοσύνην, eleēmosynēn): Derived from a word meaning mercy, it implies acts of compassion often materialized through giving to the poor.
• "Provide" (ποιήσατε, poiēsate): Means to make or create, in this context referring to making provision for oneself in the spiritual sense.
• "Treasure" (θησαυρόν, thēsauron): Typically a place of safekeeping for valuables, used metaphorically for spiritual riches.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

Similar themes are found in various cultures and religions which advocate for almsgiving and asceticism.

In Hinduism and Buddhism, detachment from material possessions is often a pathway to spiritual enlightenment.

Charity is also a key pillar in Islam, known as Zakat, where giving is seen as a means to purify one's wealth.

Scientific Perspectives

Modern psychology examines the relationship between wealth, happiness, and generosity. Studies often show that after basic needs are met, additional wealth contributes little to happiness and that generous behaviors can lead to increased well-being and life satisfaction.

Commentaries

Various biblical scholars and theologians emphasize different aspects of this verse.

Some point out that Jesus is promoting an attitude of readiness for the coming of the Kingdom of God.

Others assert that Jesus’ call to sell possessions and give to the poor was a radical form of discipleship, challenging societal norms.

Still others suggest that this teaching is about trust and faith in God to provide for needs.

They agree, however, that there is a strong eschatological (concerned with the final events of history) underpinning to Jesus' admonition.