What does Acts 7:20 mean?

Explanation

This verse, Acts 7:20, is a snippet from Stephen's speech to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling council, before his martyrdom. Stephen recounts the history of Israel as a means to defend himself against the charges of blasphemy and to witness to the majesty of Christ.

The verse refers to the birth of Moses, emphasizing his beauty as a child and the fact that he was cared for in his own family's home for three months.

The use of the phrase "exceeding fair" suggests that Moses was not only physically attractive but also had a special quality or destiny – which to the Hebrew listener, would connote God's favor.

This verse sets the scene for what follows in the story of Moses: the circumstances of his birth during a time when Hebrew male infants were being killed and his subsequent journey into Pharaoh's household.

Historical Context

Acts 7:20 must be understood against the backdrop of both the Old Testament and the social context of the first century when the Book of Acts was written.

At the time of Moses' birth, the Israelites were living in Egypt under harsh oppression, and Pharaoh had decreed that all newborn Hebrew boys were to be thrown into the Nile River.

The birth and preservation of Moses were thus miraculous and indicative of God's providential care.

In the time of the New Testament, the Jewish people held Moses in the highest regard as a lawgiver and leader.

By invoking the story of Moses, Stephen is drawing a parallel between Moses and Jesus, suggesting that just as Moses was a deliverer for the Israelites, Jesus is the deliverer for all humankind.

Theological Insights

From the Christian perspective, this verse is often viewed as a testimony of God's providence and the idea that He has a plan for every life, as illustrated through the life of Moses.

The reference to Moses being "exceeding fair" suggests a divinely ordained purpose for his life.

The verse also argues that God does not abide by the dictates of tyrants, Pharaoh's decree to kill Hebrew infants was ultimately futile in the case of Moses.

Theologically, it can be seen as showing God's power over life and death, and His ability to preserve His chosen ones against all odds.

Practical Applications

This verse can be applied to everyday life by encouraging believers to trust in God's provident plan.

Even in adverse circumstances, like those faced by Moses’ family, this scripture suggests that God may be at work in ways that are not immediately apparent.

This can provide comfort and hope to those experiencing difficult times, reminding them that their current situation is not necessarily indicative of God's favor or disfavor.

Cross-References

• Exodus 2:2: "And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months."
• Hebrews 11:23: "By faith Moses, when he was born, was hid three months of his parents, because they saw he was a proper child; and they were not afraid of the king's commandment."

Language Study

The term "exceeding fair" in the verse comes from the Greek word "ἀστεῖος" (asteios), which can mean beautiful, comely, or fair to look upon.

This suggests that there was something notably attractive or compelling about Moses even as an infant.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

The birth and preservation of a child destined for great things is a motif that appears in various cultures and religions.

Comparably, in ancient Greek mythology, heroes such as Perseus and Oedipus are saved from death in their infancy, only to grow up and fulfill significant fates.

In other religions, similar stories of protected infancy can be found, indicating a recurring theme that emphasizes the idea of a divine or extraordinary purpose for certain individuals' lives from a very young age.

Scientific Perspectives

Scientifically, this verse doesn't present much in the way of direct overlap with modern science.

However, the reference to Moses' appearance could be discussed in the context of evolutionary biology and psychology, which examine how perceptions of attractiveness could have an impact on survival and care.

For example, infants that are perceived as "cuter" or "fairer" might be more likely to receive nurturing and protection, which could have interesting implications from an evolutionary standpoint.

Commentaries

Commentaries on Acts 7:20 often emphasize the providential care of God for Moses.

Matthew Henry's Commentary suggests that Moses’ preservation was a clear indication of Providence.

The Pulpit Commentary notes the exceptional nature of Moses' attractiveness, hinting at a divine quality or mission.

Furthermore, experts like John Calvin have interpreted the verse as showing the contrast between Moses' humble beginnings and his eventual grandeur, using it to underscore God's power to exalt the lowly.