What does Matthew 27:55 mean?

Explanation

Matthew 27:55 presents a scene taking place during the Crucifixion of Jesus, stating that many women who had followed Jesus were present, watching from a distance. These women had accompanied Him from Galilee, providing support and services during His ministry.

The verse signifies the devoted presence these women showed during Jesus' most traumatic and pivotal moments, despite the dangers or social stigma that could have been associated with being a follower of Jesus at that time, especially as He faced His death.

The verse implies not only physical presence but also a deep connection, loyalty, and faithfulness of these women toward Jesus. It contrasts the actions of Jesus' male disciples, many of whom had fled or denied Him, with these women who stayed to witness His suffering.

Historical Context

This verse is set against the backdrop of the Roman occupation of Judea during the first century CE.

The public execution of criminals by crucifixion was a common practice used by the Romans to maintain law and order.

In the cultural context of the time, women were generally expected to occupy domestic roles and were less publically visible than men, especially in the case of religious followers.

Jesus of Nazareth had a ministry that reached across traditional social boundaries, and it is of note that He had female followers, who, like the male disciples, traveled with Him and supported His ministry.

The mention of Galilee is significant as it is the region where Jesus conducted much of His early ministry.

Theological Insights

Different Christian traditions might emphasize various theological insights from this verse.

Some may see it as demonstrating the inclusivity of Jesus' ministry, which offered a place of prominence to women. Others might focus on the faithfulness of the women compared to the betrayal and desertion of the male disciples, offering a lesson on steadfastness in faith.

The verse also emphasizes the human need for community and solidarity in times of suffering.

From a Christological perspective, the presence of the women underscores Jesus' relational ministry, and their devotion foreshadows the devotion of the early Christian communities.

Practical Applications

Matthew 27:55 can inspire modern readers to consider their level of commitment and loyalty in the face of challenges or societal pressures.

The example set by the women can be a call to faithfulness and the importance of a supportive community, especially in moments of trial.

The verse also encourages the inclusion of all individuals, regardless of gender, in the life and ministries of church communities.

Furthermore, it can be seen as validating those who serve behind the scenes and often go unnoticed.

Cross-References

• Matthew 28:1 – "In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to see the sepulchre."
• Luke 8:2-3 – "And certain women, which had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities, Mary called Magdalene, out of whom went seven devils, And Joanna the wife of Chuza Herod's steward, and Susanna, and many others, which ministered unto him of their substance."
• John 19:25 – "Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene."

Language Study

In the original Greek text:

• "Many women" (πολλαὶ γυναῖκες) emphasizes the significant number of female followers.
• "Beholding afar off" (θεωροῦσαι ἀπὸ μακρόθεν) indicates they were watching from a distance, perhaps due to the crowd, their own safety, or cultural norms restricting their proximity.
• "Followed" (ἠκολούθουν) in this context suggests a continuous action; they were persistent followers.
• "Ministering" (διηκόνουν) comes from a word often associated with service or caring for the needs of someone.
• "Unto him" (αὐτῷ) underscores that their service was directly focused on Jesus.

Cultural and Religious Comparisons

In various ancient cultures, women often played significant, though sometimes less documented, roles in religious and communal life.

For example, in some ancient Greek and Roman religious rituals, women served as priestesses and held other important religious functions.

Similarly, in Jewish history, there are notable women such as Deborah, a prophetess and judge, and Esther, who played pivotal roles in their communities. The presence of women at crucial religious moments is a motif that appears across various cultural and religious narratives.

Scientific Perspectives

From a psychological perspective, the presence of the women during Jesus' Crucifixion aligns with understandings of human behavior under stress and trauma.

Their actions could be analyzed in terms of group cohesion, the social support mechanisms present in communities, and the coping strategies individuals employ during traumatic events.

Commentaries

Various biblical scholars and theologians have interpreted this verse in multiple ways.

Some emphasize the courage and the counter-cultural aspect of these women's actions.

Others point out the fulfillment of prophecy and the role of women in the Gospel narratives.

Feminist theologians highlight the empowerment and agency displayed by the women, arguing that their role was significant and often underrepresented in traditional interpretations.

Serious scholarly work notes that, throughout the Gospel of Matthew, women are portrayed in a positive light, often showing greater faith and understanding than male disciples.

Commentators also reflect on how the inclusion of women at the crucifixion scene sets the stage for their significant role in the resurrection narratives that follow.